MARKING PRINCIPLES:

1. Unless otherwise indicated in the marking guidelines, penalties for foreign items are applied only if the candidate is not losing marks elsewhere in the question for that item (no penalty for misplaced item).
   No double penalty applied
2. Penalties for placement or poor presentation (e.g. details) are applied only if the candidate is earning marks on the figures for that item.
3. Full marks for correct answer. If the answer is incorrect, mark the workings provided.
4. If a pre-adjustment figure is shown as a final figure, allocate the part-mark for the working for that figure (not the method mark for the answer). Note: if figures are stipulated in marking guidelines for components of workings, these do not carry the method mark for final answer as well.
5. Unless otherwise indicated, the positive or negative effect of any figure must be considered to award the mark. If no + or – sign or bracket is provided, assume that the figure is positive.
6. Where indicated, part-marks may be awarded to differentiate between differing qualities of answers.
7. Where penalties are applied, the marks for that section of the question cannot be a final negative.
8. Where method marks are awarded for operation, the marker must inspect the reasonableness of the answer.
9. 'Operation' means 'Check operation'. 'One part correct' means 'Operation and one part correct'.
   Note: Check operation must be +, –, x or ÷ or as per marking guidelines.
10. In calculations, do not award marks for workings if numerator & denominator are swapped - this also applies to ratios.
11. In awarding method marks, ensure that candidates do not get full marks for any item that is incorrect at least in part. Indicate with a x
12. Be aware of candidates who provide valid alternatives beyond the marking guideline. Note that one comment could contain different aspects.
13. Codes: f = foreign item; p = placement/presentation.
    This marking guideline consists of 9 pages.

MEMORANDUM

QUESTION 1
1.1 

1.2 AUDIT REPORT
1.2.1 Identify the type of report and explain why this this type of report was issued by the auditor.

• ONE valid comment ??
• part marks for incomplete / unclear answers complete answer must mention Qualified Report

The company received a Qualified report because

• The financial statements were fairly presented except for one issue regarding the donation of R1,2 m OR
• A specific item (donation) could not be verified OR
• There was no evidence / documents to verify the donations of R1,2 m OR
• Proper procedures were not followed with regards to the donation

1.2.2 Explain TWO points why shareholders will be concerned about the company receiving such a report.

• TWO valid points ?? ?? part marks for partial / incomplete / unclear responses
• There is a weakness in internal controls – possible mismanagement / fraud
• This will impact on the image of the business, and on share price (demand) / on share price / returns earned / dividends earned by shareholders
• Potential investors would not be interested to buy shares / existing shareholders may want to sell their shares
• Directors appointed by them are not reliable – lose confidence in them
• Significant information is not being openly discussed (transparency)
• No proof that the donations reached the intended schools / fraud

1.2.3 The CEO requested that the auditor classifies this donation as a “sundry expense” and adjust the audit opinion accordingly. Provide TWO reasons why the auditor would not agree with this suggestion.

• TWO reasons ?? ?? part marks for partial / incomplete / unclear responses
• He belongs to a professional body and is bound by a code of conduct
• This request is unethical / fraudulent behaviour / misleading shareholders
• He does not have an interest in the company, should be unbiased
• He is concerned about his own reputation and prospects for future assignments;
• The auditor has to be independent to issue a reliable opinion / not be influenced by directors (who are responsible to drawing up statements)
• There should be an investigation into possible criminal activity / should not be any cover-up / culprits must face legal consequences.

1.2.4 Apart from the issues mentioned above, explain why the company would be accused of poor corporate governance.
ONE valid point ?? part marks for partial / incomplete / unclear responses

• The CEO should place the interest of the company and the shareholders’ first
•  He must exercise ethical behaviour in dealing with company matters;
• He should take responsibility for duties assigned to him and account for his actions; not be devious and try to cover up (transparency)
• He should encourage the participation of all role players in decision-making 

TOTAL 15

QUESTION 2
2.1 Statement of Comprehensive Income on 28 February 2021

– 1 foreign items (max -2) * one part correct
2.2 RETAINED INCOME

* one part correct
2.3 EQUITIES AND LIABILITIES SECTION

* one part correct

TOTAL 60

QUESTION 3
3.1 Calculate the following for the Cash Flow Statement on 31 August 2021:

3.2 

3.3
3.3.1

3.3.2

3.3.3

TOTAL 40

QUESTION 4
4.1
4.1.1 Limited ?
4.1.2 Materiality ?
4.1.3 Market price ?          3
4.2.1 Identify the company that has the most efficient liquidity position. Quote and explain THREE financial indicators to support your choice.

COMPANY: BCM Ltd ?
Financial indicators (with figures) ? ? ? Explanation ??

• Current ratio is 1,8 : 1
• Acid test ratio is 1,1 : 1
• Average debtors’ collection period is 27 days
• The business has enough liquid assets to meet current debt obligations
• Collection from debtor is also efficient (within the credit terms)
• Do not appear to carry a lot of stock; no idle stock; stock is being sold regularly                         6

4.2.2 A director of Green Ltd feels that the company should pay back the loan as soon as possible. Explain what you would say to him. Quote TWO financial indicators (with figures) to motivate your opinion.
Financial indicators (with figures) ? ?
Explanation ?? comparison with interest rate ??

• Debt/equity ratio is 0,6: 1 – business tends towards high gearing / making extensive use of loans (borrowed capital)
• ROTCE is 14,7% - indication that CE is use productively to generate a good profit/ business is positively geared – interest on loan is 13%
• There is no urgency to repay the loan.           6

4.2.3 Comment on the dividend pay-out rates of Green Ltd and Plaza Ltd, and provide a reason for the directors of each company deciding on those pay-out rates. Quote figures.
Financial indicators (with figures) ? ?
Explanation for Green Ltd ?? Explanation for Plaza Ltd ??

• Green Ltd paid out 51,6% of the EPS to shareholders and retained 48,4% This business is focusing on growth and long term sustainability.
• Plaza Ltd.’s dividend pay-out rate is 103% which means they used part of retained income to pay dividends (above the EPS). This may be considered to be a poor decision as the company is not doing well (looking at the returns) and they do not have plans for growth; they appear to be appeasing the shareholders by giving them high dividends.       6

4.2.4 Shareholding of Sandi Charley:

• Sandi Charley is a shareholder in two of these companies. She has R800 000 and intends to invest in new shares.
• All three companies have decided to issue additional shares on 1 March 2021, at the existing market price on 28 February 2021.

Calculate Sandi’s % shareholding in Green Ltd and comment on your findings.

• 900 000 / 1 700 000 = 52,9% ??

COMMENT: ??

• Sandi owns more than 50% of the shares; has a controlling interest; is the majority shareholder / decision maker     4

Calculate the minimum number of shares she should buy in Green Ltd and the amount she would have to spend.

• (1 700 000 + 250 000)
  1 950 000 / 2
  975 000 ?? – 900 000 ? = 75 000 + 1 (or + 100) ☑ one part correct
  
  75 001 x 5,20 ? = R390 005,20 ☑ or 75 100 x 5,20 = R390 520
                                                 ^{one part correct}

TOTAL 35

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION
Read the following instructions carefully and follow them precisely.

1. Answer ALL the questions.
2. A special ANSWER BOOK is provided in which to answer ALL the questions.
3. Show ALL workings to earn part-marks.
4. You may use a non-programmable calculator.
5. You may use a dark pencil or blue/black ink to answer the questions.
6. Where applicable, show ALL calculations to ONE decimal point.
7. If you choose to do so, you may use the Financial Indicator Formula Sheet attached at the end of this question paper. The use of this formula sheet is NOT compulsory.
8. Write neatly and legibly.
9. Use the information in the table below as a guide when answering the question paper. Try NOT to deviate from it.

QUESTIONS

QUESTION 1: AUDIT REPORT AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (15 marks; 10 minutes)
1.1 Choose an option from the list provided for each description below, write only your answer next to the question numbers (1.1.1 to 1.1.3) in the ANSWER BOOK.

1.1.1 Responsible for reviewing fees payable to directors
1.1.2 They serve on the Board of Directors but do not work at the company
1.1.3 Appointed by shareholders to perform key management functions in the business (3 x 1) (3)

1.2 AUDIT REPORT
An extract of the Independent Auditors Report is provided.
REQUIRED:
1.2.1 Identify the type of report and explain why this type of report was issued by the auditor. (2)
1.2.2 Explain TWO points why shareholders will be concerned about the company receiving such a report. (4)
1.2.3 The CEO requested that the auditor classifies this donation as a ‘sundry expense’ and adjust the audit opinion accordingly. Provide TWO reasons why the auditor would not agree with this suggestion. (4)
1.2.4 Apart from the issues mentioned above, explain why the company would be accused of poor corporate governance. (2)
INFORMATION:

INXUBA LTD
EXTRACT FROM THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS REPORT

QUESTION 2: COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (60 marks; 50 minutes)
The information relates to ZOZIE (PTY) LTD, a stationery retailer, for the year ended on 28 February 2021.
REQUIRED:
Prepare the following for the financial year ended 28 February 2021:
2.1 Statement of Comprehensive Income (36)
2.2 Retained income note (7)
2.3 The EQUITY and LIABILITIES section of the Statement of Financial Position (17)
INFORMATION:
A. Extract: Pre-Adjustment Trial Balance on 28 February 2021:

B. ADJUSTMENTS AND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

1. Goods returned by a debtor, R28 800, was not yet recorded. The goods were placed back in stock, but no entries were made to record this transaction. A profit mark-up 60% on cost is applied to all sales.
2. Insurance includes an annual premium of R14 400 paid for the period 1 April 2020 to 31 March 2021.
3. The tenant paid the rent up to 30 April 2021. Note that rent was increased by 15% p.a. with effect 1 July 2020. The premises were occupied since 2018.
4. The bookkeeper omitted the stock of calculators in compiling the trading stock figure reflected on the pre-adjustment trial balance. A summary from the stock records of calculators, is as follows:
   

   opening stock	600 units
   purchases during the year	2 200 units
   returns	180 units
   units sold	2 160 units
   closing stock	430 units

   • The relevant sales figure was recorded.
   • Calculators are purchased at a fixed cost price of R175 each. The specific identification method is used to value the calculators.
     It was noted that calculators were stolen. This must still be recorded.
5. The company employs three directors on the same fee structure. One of these directors did not receive his fee for February 2021. A fourth director, appointed on 1 December 2020, earns R3 200 per month more than the other directors. He received his fees for the current year.
6. The salary of the clerk on leave was omitted from the Salaries Journal. Details of his salary is as follows:
   

   Net salary	Total employee deductions	Total employer contributions
   R9 424	24% of gross salary	R1 240

   * Employer contributions are debited to salaries and wages.
7. An adjusted assessment was received from the external auditors stating that audit fees for the year amounts to R80 500.
8. The loan statement from Luther Bank revealed the following:
   

   Total repayments for the year (including interest)	R258 000
   Interest capitalised	?
   Balance on 28 February 2021	R1 082 400

   10% of the loan balance will be settled during the next financial year.
9. After taking into account the adjustments, the net profit after tax amounted to R689 310. The current income tax rate is 31%.

C. Share capital and dividends:
The share register reflected 745 000 shares in issue on 28 February 2021. The changes to share capital and retained income were recorded:

• 1 October 2020: 120 000 shares were issued at R8,00 each.
• 1 December 2020: 75 000 shares were repurchased at R1,40 above the average share price. These shares do not qualify for final dividends.
• Interim dividends were paid on 31 August 2021.
• A final dividend of 23 cents per share was declared on 28 February 2021.

D. Financial indicators calculated on 28 February 2021:

• Net asset value per share (NAV) 860 cents
• Current ratio 1,8 : 1

60

QUESTION 3: CASH FLOW STATEMENT AND FINANCIAL INDICATORS (40 marks; 30 minutes)
The information relates to KAMP LTD for the financial year end 31 August 2021.
REQUIRED:
3.1 Calculate the following for the Cash Flow Statement on 31 August 2021:
3.1.1 Change in payables (indicate if it is an inflow or outflow of cash) (4)
3.1.2 Income tax paid (4)
3.1.3 Dividends paid (4)
3.1.4 Proceeds from shares issued (5)
3.1.5 Funds used to repurchase shares (3)
3.1.6 Increase in loan (4)
3.2 Complete the NET CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS section of the Cash Flow Statement (4)
3.3 Calculate the following financial indicators for the year ended 31 August 2021.
3.3.1 Acid test ratio. (3)
3.3.2 % Return on shareholders’ equity. (5)
3.3.3 Dividend pay-out rate (%) (4)
INFORMATION:
A. Extract from the Statement of Comprehensive Income (Income Statement) for the year ended 31 August 2021.

B. Extract from the Balance Sheet on 31 August 2021.

C. Note 1: Trade and other receivables

D. Note 2: Trade and other payables

E. Share Capital

F. Dividends and earnings:

• Interim dividends were paid on 28 February 2021 to all shares on the share register.
• A final dividend of 12 cents per share was declared on 31 August 2021. Total dividends for the year amounted to R528 000.
• The earnings per share (EPS) was calculated at 53 cents per share.

G. Loan: De Beers Lenders
The loan was increased on 1 September 2020 (beginning of the financial year). Interest at 12% p.a. was paid up to date, and is not capitalised.

QUESTION 4: INTERPRETATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION (35 marks; 30 minutes)
4.1 Choose the correct word(s) from those given in brackets. Write only the word(s) next to the question numbers (4.1.1 to 4.1.3) in the ANSWER BOOK.
4.1.1 In the event of a business becoming bankrupt, shareholders would only lose their investment in shares. This is because of the (limited / unlimited) liability concept.
4.1.2 The (historical cost / materiality / business entity) GAAP principle stipulates that significant items such as interest expense be disclosed separately on financial statements.
4.1.3 The (net asset value per share / market price) is influenced by the demand for shares on the stock exchange. (3)
4.2 GREEN LTD, BCM LTD and PLAZA LTD
The information relates to three different companies, operating in the same industry. The financial year of each company ends on the last day of February.
REQUIRED:
NOTE: Provide figures, financial indicators or calculations in EACH case to support your comments and explanations.
4.2.1 Liquidity
Identify the company that has the most efficient liquidity position. Quote and explain THREE financial indicators to support your choice. (6)
4.2.2 Risk and gearing:
A director of Green Ltd feels that the company should pay back the loan as soon as possible. Explain what you would say to him. Quote
TWO financial indicators (with figures) to motivate your opinion. (6)
4.2.3 Dividend pay-out policy:
Comment on the dividend pay-out rates of Green Ltd and Plaza Ltd, and provide a reason for the directors of each company deciding on
those pay-out rates. Quote figures. (6)
4.2.4 Shareholding of Sandi Charley:
Sandi Charley is a shareholder in two of these companies. She has R800 000 and intends to invest in new shares.
All three companies have decided to issue additional shares on 1 March 2021, at the existing market price on 28 February 2021.

• Calculate Sandi’s % shareholding in Green Ltd and comment on your findings. (4)

Sandi wants to buy additional shares in Green Ltd and also intends investing in Plaza Ltd.

• Calculate the minimum number of shares she should buy in Green Ltd and the amount she would have to spend. (6)
• What advice would you offer Sandi regarding her intentions to purchase shares in Plaza Ltd? Provide TWO points. Quote figures (financial indicators) to support your advice. (4)

INFORMATION
A. Financial indicators on 28 February 2021:

Credit terms: Debtors are granted 30 days to settle their accounts; Creditors allow 60 days’ credit terms.
B. Shares and shareholding of Sandi Charley:

TOTAL: 150

In order to address this and to ensure that learners are not disadvantaged, the following standardised approach to marking must be adopted across the Province.  The following guidelines with regard to marking was prepared in conjunction with the examiner and moderator.

ERRATA

ERRATA

The Mechanical Technology – Welding paper was written on the 01 October 2020. We were made aware of certain errors and omissions that were discovered during the marking process.

In order to address this and to ensure that learners are not disadvantaged, the following standardised approach to marking must be adopted across the Province. The following guidelines with regard to marking was prepared in conjunction with the examiner and moderator.

ERRATA

MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY – WELDING

It is therefore suggested that the paper be marked out of 160 marks and the final mark of the candidate be converted to 200 marks

MEMORANDUM

SECTION A: SHORT QUESTIONS
QUESTION 1
1.1
1.1.1 B
1.1.2 B
1.1.3 C
1.1.4 D
1.1.5 A
1.1.6 A
1.1.7 A
1.1.8 D
1.1.9 A
1.1.10 C
1.1.11 D
1.1.12 D
1.1.13 B
1.1.14 B
1.1.15 A
1.1.16 C
1.1.17 C
1.1.18 C
1.1.19 A
1.1.20 B (20 x 1) (20)
1.2
1.2.1 Tower Bridge
1.2.2 The Red Square
1.2.3 The Great Wall of China
1.2.4 Mount Everest
1.2.5 The Sphinx (5 x 1) (5)
1.3
1.3.1 Yellow fever
1.3.2 place copies of their passports in the check-in luggage
1.3.3 www.greenglobe.com
1.3.4 including big windows in the rooms
1.3.5 transport and accommodation (5 x 1) (5)
1.4
1.4.1 B
1.4.2 A
1.4.3 F
1.4.4 G
1.4.5 D (5 x 1) (5)
1.5
1.5.1 B /AARoadwatch.ie
1.5.2 C /travelstart
1.5.3 E /World Health Organisation
1.5.4 A /Google Street View
1.5.5 D /tripadvisor (5 x 1) (5)
TOTAL SECTION A: 40

SECTION B: MAP WORK AND TOUR PLANNING; FOREIGN EXCHANGE
QUESTION 2
2.1
2.1.1

• South Africa +2
  Japan +9
  Time difference: 7 hours
  18:00 – 7 hours = 11:00
  OR
  11:00 (3)

2.1.2

• England 0
  Japan +9
  Time difference: 9 hours
  13:50 + 9 hours = 22:50 on 8 September 2019
  22:50 + 11h40m = 10:30 on 9 September 2019
  OR
  10:30 on 9 September 2019 (6)

2.1.3

• New Zealand +12 (+ 1 hour DST) +13
  Japan +9
  Time difference: 4 hours
  16:50 + 4 hours = 20:50 on 9 September 2019
  20:50 – 11 hours = 09:50 on 9 September 2019
  OR
  09:50 on 9 September 2019 (6)

2.1.4 

1. Jet lag (1)
2. Jet lag is caused by crossing many time zones when flying east to west or west to east.(2)
3. The management of the England rugby team could have ensured that all members of the travelling party:
   Got enough rest before departing from England.
   • Exercised on the airplane by walking up and down, standing and stretching.
   • Drank non-alcoholic beverages, especially water, before and during the flight.
   • Avoided consumption of caffeine and alcohol before and during the flight.
   • Tried to sleep during the flight.
   • Spend time in sunlight to reset the body’s internal clock. (2)

2.1.5 Valid passport

• Completed application form
• Passport-size photograph
• Complete flight schedule
• Return air ticket (2)

2.1.6

• Travellers will be faced with a red and a green channel at customs control. If the traveller has an item/items to declare he/she must choose to pass through the red channel. If the traveller has nothing to declare he/she must choose to pass through the green channel.
• Travellers passing through the green channel can be stopped and searched by customs authorities. This means that when going through customs, travellers can be questioned by customs authorities and have their luggage scanned or searched for goods that may not be brought into the country.
  (3 x 2)(6)

2.2
2.2.1 Internet enabled device such as a smart phone or a tablet.

• Internet connection
• Travellers must download the app. (2)

2.2.2 The Waze app will encourage more travellers to stay in TGCSA graded establishments resulting in an increased awareness of the TGCSA.

• Use of the app by travellers will result in a positive image for the TGCSA.
• Non-graded establishments will be encouraged to have their establishments graded.
• The TGCSA’s client base will be increased. (2)

2.2.3 The Waze app will assist travellers to find graded accommodation, allowing them to plan their journey.

• Travellers’ budgets can be decreased due to lower fuel consumption as less time is spent driving in traffic searching for accommodation.
• Use of the Waze app will assist travellers to enjoy a more positive, relaxed visitor experience.(2)

[34]

QUESTION 3
3.1

• R22 500,00 ÷ 15,99 = €1 407,13
  OR
  €1 407,13 (3)

3.2

• R37 800 ÷ 14,22 = $2 658,23
  OR
  $2 658,23 (3)

3.3

• £17 x 18,07 = R307,19
  OR
  R307,19 (3)

3.4
3.4.1 Gross Domestic Product (1)
3.4.2

• If the GDP of South Africa is high, it is an indicator that the economy of South Africa is in a stable condition.
• If the GDP of South Africa is low, it is an indication that the economy of the country is unstable/declining.(2)

3.4.3 If the value of the Rand declines it means that inbound international tourists will receive more Rand when exchanging their currency.
This will result in more inbound international tourists visiting South Africa.

• When visiting South Africa these tourists will be in a position to spend more money and also lengthen their stay in South Africa.(2 x 2) (4)

[16]
TOTAL SECTION B: 50

SECTION C:
TOURISM ATTRACTIONS; CULTURAL AND HERITAGE TOURISM; MARKETING
QUESTION 4
4.1
4.1.1

• C – Mount Fuji
• D – Eiffel Tower
• E – Leaning Tower of Pisa (3 x 1) (3)

4.1.2 F – Rio de Janeiro (1)
4.1.3 

1. Mecca (2)
2. Saudi Arabia (1)
3. The Hajj (2)

4.2
4.2.1 Peru (1)
4.2.2 The number of visitors to Machu Picchu has increased significantly over the years.

• Visitor numbers to Machu Picchu continue to grow.
• The actual number of visitors has exceeded the target number of visitors.
• The increased number of visitors has caused damage to the site. (2)

4.2.3 Tripods
Selfie sticks

• Baby cars
• Backpacks not bigger than 40x35x25 cm (2 x 2) (4)

4.2.4 The prohibition of smoking will assist in the protection of the ecosystem of the Inca City.
Prohibiting tourists to walk on illegal routes will prevent damage to the environment.
Prohibiting the use of drones at the site will lessen noise pollution.
The prohibition of the feeding of animals will prevent their domestication.

• The prohibition of tripods will prevent damage to the surface of the Inca site.
• The prohibition of heels will prevent damage to the surface of the Inca site.
• The banning of plastic objects will help to prevent pollution at the Inca site.

NOTE: Answers should be in the form of a paragraph; bullets have been given for ease of marking. (4 x 2) (8)
[24]

QUESTION 5
5.1

• A – Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape
• B – ǂKhomani Cultural Landscape (2 x 2) (4)

5.2
5.2.1 Climate change

• Drought (2)

5.2.2 They have developed skills to find water that is a scarce resource. (Examples include: They collect moisture by scraping and squeezing roots / when they are out hunting or travelling, they dig holes in the sand to find water / they carry water in an ostrich eggshell).
They kill animals with a bow and arrow using poison made from plants or snake venom on the tip of the arrow.

• They are excellent trackers.
• They are knowledgeable about the use of plants for medicinal purposes.
• They have developed the skill to gather edible plants for food.
• They respect the environment by taking only what can be replaced and only what they need. (2 x 2) (4)

5.3 Mining operations would result in damage to the environment

• Mining operations would result in water, dust and noise pollution.
• Mining operations will result in damage to the infrastructure.
• Mining operations will result in a decline of visitors to the site.
• A decrease in visitors to the site will lead to a decline in tourism revenue.
• A decline in tourist numbers will lead to job losses due to a decrease in the demand for services.
• A decline in tourist numbers will have a negative impact on the multiplier effect.
• A decline in the tourism economy will lead to a decreased contribution to the GDP.
• The site will not attract foreign investment.
• Partnerships between various stakeholders might be threatened.
• UNESCO could place the Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape on its threatened or endangered list.(2)

[12]

QUESTION 6
6.1 An application (app)

• Digital
• Electronic
• Internet
• Online (2)

6.2 The travel agents will become more knowledgeable about South Africa in order to create an awareness in their countries of South Africa as a travel destination.
The travel agents who won the competition would be able to give their clients first-hand knowledge of South Africa as a destination of choice.
It will encourage travel agents to sell South African travel packages to their clients designed by the wholesaler, MWTours.

• It will encourage travel agents to promote the services of South African Airways to their clients. (3 x 2) (6)

6.3 Marketing South Africa internationally as a tourism destination of choice.
Coordinating the marketing activities of role-players in the industry. (2 x 2) (4)
6.4 SATourism has used the logo designed by Brand South Africa in the marketing material for the campaign. (2)
[14]
TOTAL SECTION C: 50 

SECTION D: SUSTAINABLE AND RESPONSIBLE TOURISM
QUESTION 7
7.1
7.1.1

1. C (2)
2. B / D (2)
3. A (2)

7.1.2 The readiness programme assists learners with school subject choices, career and lifestyle choices thus enabling them to make an informed choice about the career that they will follow and the type of life that they will lead.(2)
7.2
7.2.1

• Visit the world class !Khwa ttu San Heritage Centre.
• Enjoy a San-Guided tour eBike tour to a San cultural village.(2 x 2)(2)

7.2.2 Sustainability
Fair share

• Democracy
• Respect
• Transparency
• Reliability (2 x 2) (4)

7.2.3 Skills development through the ||Kabbo Academy can assist members of the San community to obtain employment in the hospitality industry.
Artists and craftsmen from the local San community can earn an income from the sales of their products at the !Khwa ttu San Heritage Centre.
Members of the San community can be employed to lead eBike tours.

• Members of the San community can be employed at the !Khwa ttu San Heritage Site. (3 x 2) (6)

7.2.4

1. The management of !Khwa ttu should consider renewable energy sources such as solar panels or wind turbines.
   Electrical devices should be switched off when not in use.
   • Water must be used sparingly; businesses can use greywater.
   • Leaking taps should be repaired, visitors should be encouraged to reuse towels and not have them washed after each use.
   • Visitors should be encouraged to shower, not bath.
   • Low flow shower heads should be introduced. (2 x 2) (4)
2. !Khwa ttu should market their destination on responsible tourism marketing platforms.
   Management of !Khwa ttu should ensure that their destination sets good examples in terms of environmental, social and economic practices.
   • Management of !Khwa ttu should ensure that their natural assets are well protected and conserved.
   • Management of !Khwa ttu should ensure that they uphold the three pillars of sustainable tourism. (2 x 2) (4)

[30]
TOTAL SECTION D: 30

SECTION E:
DOMESTIC, REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL TOURISM; COMMUNICATION AND CUSTOMER CARE
QUESTION 8
8.1
8.1.1 General unrest

• Anti-government protests (2)

8.1.2

• Increasing tourist concerns about safety led to hotel booking cancellations and a slump in bookings.
• Business tourists chose safer, more stable destinations to attend conferences and meetings, leading to a decrease in tourists.
• Festivals, sports competitions, conferences, exhibitions and trade fairs were cancelled due to the ongoing protests.
• Cancellation of flights at Hong Kong International Airport and other transport services that were disrupted had a negative impact on the hotel industry.
• Foreign governments advised their citizens to avoid travelling to Hong Kong.
• Global media reports and social media posts of the anti- government protests influenced tourists to avoid Hong Kong.(4 x 2) (8)

8.1.3

• Reduce the number of staff members.
• Force hotel workers to work less days per week.
• Introduce unpaid leave for staff. (2)

8.2
8.2.1

• Australasia
• Central and South America
• Europe
• North America (4 x 1) (4)

8.2.2 The trade relationship between South Africa and China has grown significantly.

• The number of Chinese companies now operating in South Africa contributes to an increase in business travel.
• The number of Chinese business travellers attending conferences in South Africa has risen.
• There has been an increase in the number of individual Chinese investors visiting South Africa seeking business opportunities.
• The South African government issues Chinese business travellers with a 10-year multiple entry visa within five days of their application.
• China and South Africa’s relationships are strengthened due to their BRICS membership. (2)

8.2.3 Statistics assist the tourism industry to understand and meet the needs of different types of visitors.

• The data enables the tourism industry to identify tourism trends.
• Statistics enable the tourism industry to adjust their marketing strategies. (2)

[20]

QUESTION 9
9.1 Feedback cards

• Comment cards
• Comment box (2)

9.2 Customers are kept waiting for long periods without receiving service from the staff member on duty.

• The staff member on duty is not efficient.
• The staff member is ignoring the guests.
• Too few staff members are on duty. (2)

9.3 Staff should be sent for regular in-service training courses to improve service delivery skills.
Introduce regular supervision by managers.
Have more staff on duty during peak times.

• Introduce incentive programmes to motivate employees to improve service delivery.
• Introduce disciplinary procedures on staff not delivering acceptable service levels. (3 x 2) (6)

[10]
TOTAL SECTION E: 30
GRAND TOTAL: 200

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION
Read the instructions carefully before answering the questions.

1. This question paper consists of FIVE sections.
2. ALL questions in SECTIONS A, B, C, D and E are COMPULSORY.
3. Start EACH QUESTION on a NEW page.
4. You may use a non-programmable pocket calculator.
5. In QUESTIONS 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3, round off your answer to TWO decimal places.
6. Show ALL calculations where required.
7. Write neatly and legibly.
8. The following table is a guide to help you allocate your time according to each section.
   

   SECTION	QUESTION	TOPIC	MARKS	TIME (minutes)
   A	1	Short Questions	40 marks	20 minutes
   B	2	Map Work and Tour Planning	50 marks	50 minutes
   	3	Foreign Exchange
   C	4	Tourism Attractions	50 marks	50 minutes
   	5	Culture and Heritage Tourism
   	6	Marketing
   D	7	Sustainable and Responsible Tourism	30 marks	30 minutes
   E	8	Domestic, Regional and International Tourism	30 marks	30 minutes
   	9	Communication and Customer Care

QUESTIONS

SECTION A: SHORT QUESTIONS
QUESTION 1
1.1 Four options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (1.1.1–1.1.20) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.1.21 A.
1.1.1 Daylight savings time is a practice whereby certain countries move their time one hour …

1. backward in the summer months.
2. forward in the summer months.
3. backward in the winter months.
4. forward in the winter months.

1.1.2 The annual global sporting event held in Wimbledon in the United Kingdom, showcases the top … in the world.

1. cyclists
2. tennis players
3. long distance runners
4. racing drivers

1.1.3 Accommodation that best suits a group of gap year tourists staying in Cape Town on a low budget.

1. Cape Grace 5-star hotel
2. Flintstones Guest House
3. Green Elephant Backpackers
4. Camps Bay B&B

1.1.4 In February 2020 global travel restrictions were introduced by many countries as a result of the coronavirus outbreak in …

1. Cambodia.
2. Thailand.
3. Vietnam.
4. China.

1.1.5 A disease caused by larvae entering a person’s body that can be avoided by staying out of potentially contaminated rivers.

1. Bilharzia
2. Malaria
3. Yellow fever
4. HIV

1.1.6 Tourists visiting the iSimangaliso Wetland Park World Heritage Site can view the natural beauty of …

1. swamps and long sandy beaches.
2. canyons and valleys.
3. rivers and deserts.
4. mountains and waterfalls.

1.1.7 A document required when purchasing foreign currency before departing on an overseas holiday.

1. Valid air ticket
2. Health certificate
3. ID document
4. Custom’s declaration form

1.1.8 This icon is located in …

1. Turkey.
2. Mexico.
3. United States of America.
4. Jordan.

1.1.9 The time and date in Moscow, Russia (+4) when it is 09:00 on 1 January in New York, USA (-5).

1. 18:00 on 1 January
2. 00:00 on 1 January
3. 00:00 on 2 January
4. 18:00 on 2 January

1.1.10 … will contribute to the safety at an attraction.

1. Conserving natural resources
2. An official website
3. A crisis management plan
4. Free entry to travel journalists

1.1.11 The term used when referring to daily changes in the value of currencies:

1. Bank Buying Rate
2. Bank Selling Rate
3. Rate of Exchange
4. Fluctuations

1.1.12 Measures taken by a tourism business to address bad customer service will contribute to …

1. a competitive disadvantage.
2. low staff morale.
3. poor employee retention.
4. increased profitability.

1.1.13 The image below represents the … pillar of sustainable tourism.

1. social
2. environmental
3. economic
4. community

1.1.14 An unforeseen occurrence that caused massive destruction in Australia during 2019 and 2020:

1. Earthquake
2. Bushfires
3. Tsunami
4. Volcanic eruption

1.1.15 Staff members from the Grand West Casino in Cape Town took time off their busy schedules to do repairs and renovations to the nearby SOS Children’s Village to make the buildings a little better for all who live at the children’s home. This is an example of …

1. corporate social investment.
2. universal access.
3. responsible tourism.
4. Fair Trade Tourism.

1.1.16 Regarded as South Africa’s top African land travel markets:

1. Nigeria and Angola
2. Mauritius and Swaziland
3. Zimbabwe and Lesotho
4. Botswana and Kenya

1.1.17 A traveller who must catch a second flight en route to his/her final destination is said to be … while waiting at the airport.

1. in possession of a visa
2. deported
3. in transit
4. a tour operator

1.1.18 The procedure followed in the collection of the 1% tourism levy:

1. Hotels and car rental agencies pay a 1% tourism levy directly to the TBCSA.
2. The TBCSA transfers the collected 1% tourism levy to TOMSA.
3. TOMSA collects the 1% tourism levy paid by hotels and car rental companies.
4. SATourism receives the collected 1% tourism levy from TOMSA.

1.1.19 Narcotic substances, for personal use, are regarded as … by SARS.

1. prohibited goods
2. illegal goods
3. part of the travel allowance
4. restricted goods

1.1.20 Construction, and specifically its roof’s design, makes this architectural masterpiece a welcome sight to visitors:

1. Alcázar of Segovia
2. Sydney Opera House
3. Buckingham Palace
4. The Algarve (20 x 1) (20)

1.2 Choose the name of a world icon provided in the list below that best fits the location indicated on the world map. Write only the name of the world icon next to the question numbers (1.2.1–1.2.5) in the ANSWER BOOK.

(5 x 1) (5)
1.3 Choose the correct word(s) from those given in brackets. Write only the word(s) next to the question numbers (1.3.1–1.3.5) in the ANSWER BOOK.
1.3.1 A traveller visiting Central Africa can be vaccinated against (yellow fever/cholera) to prevent infection.
1.3.2 International travellers should (keep their passports in their check- in luggage for safekeeping/place copies of their passports in their check-in luggage).
1.3.3 A tourist destination wanting to attract environmentally conscious tourists should market on (www.info.gov.za/ www.greenglobe.com).
1.3.4 Architects designing an environmentally friendly hotel should consider (including big windows in the rooms/installing air conditioners in rooms).
1.3.5 The two most expensive items when compiling a tour budget are (accommodation and meals/transport and accommodation).   (5 x 1) (5)
1.4 Choose a word(s) from COLUMN B that matches the description in COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–G) next to the question numbers (1.4.1–1.4.5) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.4.6 H.

(5 x 1) (5)
1.5 Connect the internet related travel application portrayed in the images below with the functions given. Write only the question numbers (1.5.1–1.5.5) and the correct answer, for example 1.5.6 F.

1.5.1 Provides directions and information on road works, places of interest and rest stops along the chosen route.
1.5.2 Gives up to date information about flights, their status and check- in times.
1.5.3 A smart phone application that provides the user with up to date information about global diseases.
1.5.4 Offers a virtual tour of the destination.
1.5.5 Allows travellers the opportunity to obtain reviews about hotels, restaurants and destinations.        (5 x 1) (5)

TOTAL SECTION A: 40

SECTION B: MAP WORK AND TOUR PLANNING; FOREIGN EXCHANGE
QUESTION 2
2.1 Study the World Time Zone Map below, read the information about the Rugby World Cup 2019 in Japan and answer the questions that follow.


2.1.1 In South Africa, many rugby fans watched the Rugby World Cup final played on 2 November in Yokohama, Japan. The starting time of this match was 18:00 (Japan local time). Calculate the time that the rugby fans in South Africa had to switch on their television sets to watch the rugby match.
Show ALL calculations. (3)
2.1.2 Calculate the arrival time and date of the England rugby team at Narita International Airport in Tokyo, Japan. Remember that England was not practicing Daylight Savings Time at the time of the flight given on the itinerary. Show ALL calculations. (6)
2.1.3 Calculate the departure time and date of the New Zealand rugby team from Auckland International Airport, New Zealand. Remember that New Zealand was practicing Daylight Savings Time at the time of the flight given on the itinerary. Show ALL calculations. (6)
2.1.4 Consider the travel related information provided when answering the following questions.

1. Identify ONE travel related condition that the England rugby team and their management could have suffered from on their arrival in Japan. (1)
2. State ONE cause of the travel related condition identified in QUESTION 2.1.4 (a). (2)
3. Suggest ONE precaution that the management of the England rugby team could have taken to minimise the effect of the travel related condition identified in QUESTION 2.1.4(a). (2)

2.1.5 Identify ONE document that the South African rugby team had to produce when applying for their visa to enter Japan. (2)
2.1.6 In a short paragraph explain to travellers entering South Africa what they can expect to encounter at customs control. (3 x 2) (6)
2.2 Use the information and images to answer the following questions.

2.2.1 State ONE requirement for a traveller wanting to use the Waze app. (2)
2.2.2 Deduce ONE advantage for the TGCSA of travellers using the Waze app. (2)
2.2.3 Suggest ONE way in which the Waze app can assist (help) travellers with tour planning. (2)
[34]

QUESTION 3
Use the forex information given to answer the questions.

3.1 Mr Dlamini, a businessman from King William’s Town, Eastern Cape is going on a business trip to Paris, France. He has R22 500,00 to exchange before he leaves for his trip. Calculate the amount of foreign currency that he will receive.
NOTE: Round off your answer to TWO decimal places.
Show ALL the steps of your calculation. (3)
3.2 Mr and Mrs Felix from Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape are going to visit their children in New York, United States of America. They want to exchange R37 800,00 before they leave South Africa. Calculate the amount of foreign currency that they will receive.
NOTE: Round off your answer to TWO decimal places.
Show ALL the steps of your calculation. (3)
3.3 Thando and Johnathan from East London, Eastern Cape are friends who have been on a tour to the United Kingdom. On their return they have
£17 to exchange for South African rand. Calculate the amount of rand that they will receive.
NOTE: Round off your answer to TWO decimal places.
Show ALL the steps of your calculation. (3)
3.4 Study the image and answer the questions.

3.4.1 State the meaning of the abbreviation, ‘GDP’. (1)
3.4.2 Explain the link portrayed by the puzzle pieces in the image between the South African GDP and the South African economy. (2)
3.4.3 Discuss the effect portrayed in the image of the declining value of the Rand on international inbound tourism. (2 x 2) (4)
[16]
TOTAL SECTION B: 50

SECTION C:
TOURISM ATTRACTIONS; CULTURAL AND HERITAGE TOURISM; MARKETING
QUESTION 4
4.1 Study the images of the world icons and answer the questions that follow.

4.1.1 Give the names of the icons labelled C, D and E. (3 x 1) (3)
4.1.2 Name the city in which the icon labelled F is located. (1)
4.1.3

1. Give the name of the icon that best suits his profile.(2)
2. Name the country that he will have to travel to in order to carry out the pilgrimage.(1)
3. Name the Islamic religious pilgrimage that he will perform while visiting the icon. (2)

4.2 Study the information on Machu Picchu and answer the questions that follow.

4.2.1 Name the country in which Machu Picchu is located. (1)
4.2.2 Explain ONE reason for the introduction of new rules for 2020 by making reference to the icon’s visitor statistics. (2)
4.2.3 Identify TWO items that have been prohibited in order to improve the flow of visitors at the site. (2 x 2) (4)
4.2.4

Write a paragraph discussing FOUR ways in which the new rules will minimise (lessen) the visitor impact on the environment. (4 x 2) (8)
[24]

QUESTION 5
Study the information on World Heritage Sites in South Africa and answer the questions that follow.

5.1 Identify the World Heritage Sites, recorded as cultural landscapes on the UNESCO World Heritage List, labelled A and B. (2 x 2)   (4)
5.2 The World Heritage Sites labelled A and B have both met the requirements of UNESCO criterion (v).

5.2.1 Identify the natural occurrence that led to the decline of the cultural settlement in the World Heritage site labelled A. (2)
5.2.2 Refer to the World Heritage Site labelled B:
Explain TWO methods that the San people use to exploit scarce resources in an extremely hostile environment, as was practised by their ancestors over thousands of years. (2 x 2) (4)
5.3 

Suggest ONE negative impact of mining operations on the future of the site. (2)
[12]

QUESTION 6
Study the extract below and answer the questions that follow.

6.1 Identify the marketing platform selected by SATourism to involve Australian and New Zealand travel agents in its training game competition. (2)
6.2 Explain how the SATourism marketing campaign could contribute to an increase in Australian and New Zealand visitors to South Africa. (3 x 2) (6)
6.3 Determine TWO core functions of SATourism that have been achieved with this marketing campaign. (2 x 2) (4)
6.4 Discuss how SATourism has incorporated branding to boost the marketing campaign. (2)
[14]
TOTAL SECTION C: 50

SECTION D: SUSTAINABLE AND RESPONSIBLE TOURISM
QUESTION 7
7.1 Study the extract below and answer the questions that follow.

7.1.1 Identify the beneficiary by giving the correct letter, labelled A, B, C or D, that proves that Tourvest upholds the following pillars of sustainable tourism:

1. Environmental (2)
2. Social (2)
3. Economic (2)

7.1.2 Suggest ONE way by which Afrika Tikkun’s Career Readiness Programme could enable learners to enjoy a brighter future.(2)
7.2 Study the brochure and answer the questions that follow.

7.2.1 Identify TWO activities that visitors to !Khwa ttu could enjoy during their visit. (2 x 2) (4)
7.2.2 List TWO Fair Trade principles that the management of !Khwa ttu could observe (follow) in their dealings with San artists and craftsmen. (2 x 2) (4)
7.2.3 Discuss THREE ways by which the San people involved with !Khwa ttu can earn an income to improve their quality of life. (3 x 2) (6)
7.2.4 Suggest TWO strategies (plans) that the management of !Khwa ttu could introduce to:

1. Conserve water and energy (2 x 2) (4)
2. Attract environmentally conscious tourists to the destination (2 x 2) (4)

[30]
TOTAL SECTION D: 30

SECTION E:
DOMESTIC, REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL TOURISM; COMMUNICATION AND CUSTOMER CARE
QUESTION 8
8.1 Study the extract and pictures below and answer the questions that follow.

8.1.1 Classify the political situation example in the extract above. (2)
8.1.2 Discuss FOUR consequences of the political situation that led to the newspaper headline, ‘Hotels in Hong Kong suffer cancellations and a drop in bookings’. (4 x 2) (8)
8.1.3 Suggest ONE other measure, apart from dropping room rates that the Hong Kong hotel industry could introduce to overcome the negative economic impact of the political situation. (2)
8.2 Study the statistics below and answer the questions that follow.

8.2.1 Identify the regions that indicated (showed) that more than half of the tourists’ main purpose for visiting South Africa was for holiday. (4 x 1) (4)
8.2.2 Discuss ONE factor (reason) that contributed to the Asian region, in particular China, outperforming all other overseas markets in terms of business travel to South Africa in 2018. (2)
8.2.3 Explain the value of statistics for the tourism industry. (2)
[20]

QUESTION 9
Study the flow diagram on customer feedback and answer the questions.

9.1 Identify the method used by ABC Hotel to obtain feedback from their guests. (2)
9.2 Describe the leading guest complaint on poor service delivery, identified by the management of ABC Hotel, after an analysis of the feedback data. (2)
9.3 Suggest THREE strategies that the management of ABC Hotel should put into action to address the feedback received from their guests. (3 x 2) (6)

[10]
TOTAL SECTION E: 30
GRAND TOTAL: 200

MEMORANDUM

QUESTION 1
1.1 Causes of teenage pregnancy:

• Lack of parental supervision
• Sexual abuse by relatives
• Unclear teaching about menstruation and pregnancy
• Ensuring financial support
• Negative attitude of health-care workers
• Unprotected sex
• Early sexual debut (53% of boys and girls start at 16 years of age)
• High age difference between girls and their partners
• Forced sex by partners
• Rape by friends or strangers
• Hierarchical social power between boys and girls
• Inadequate knowledge and information levels about conception and contraceptives
• Desire for material things like cell-phones, weaves, airtime, clothes, etc.
  (Any other relevant responses must be credited.)(10)

1.2 Religious teaching on teenage pregnancy:
Example 1: ATR

• Ubuntu philosophy discourages sexual abuse, especially of teenagers.
• Sex before marriage is not allowed.
• Traditional disciplinary hearings are held to deal with teenage pregnancy.
• Teenage pregnancy is punishable by paying a certain number of cows.
• The principle of ‘my child is your child and your child is my child’ implies that all children are looked after by the whole village.
• Children are expected to respect all elders, not only their biological parents.
• Parents are expected to take good care of their children.
• Rituals like ‘Intonjane’ teaches and prepares teenage girls about their fertility and womanhood in general.
• Initiation schools for boys teach teenage boys about responsible manhood.
• Every family has a highly respected elder (intlabi) who presides over family matters.
• Grandparents assist the parents in looking after the children.
• The elders in the family are the custodians of community values and customs.
• ATR is a clan-based religion, where there are no orphans or illegitimate children.

Example 2: Christianity

• The Ten Commandments are the basis of a Christian lifestyle.
• Parents are obliged to educate their children about godly ways of living.
• Children have a responsibility to honour their parents.
• Parents have a responsibility towards the growth and development of their children.
• The Bible commands parents not to provoke their children.
• The greatest law is ‘love your neighbour as you love yourself’.
• This commandment emphasises the importance of building a caring community.
• Premarital sex is prohibited.
• Sexual abuse is forbidden.
• The human body is the temple of the Holy Spirit.
• Values of love, care, empathy, trust and respect are upheld.
• Christianity promotes better physical health.
• Self-discipline and self-control are encouraged.
• Lust is prohibited.
• Watching pornography is not allowed.
  (Any other relevant responses must be credited.)  (16)

1.3 Are religious organisations reducing the battle against this social problem? Motivate your answer.
YES

• Workshops are held by religious organisations to address teen pregnancies.
• Love Life is an NGO that is supported by all religious organisations to raise awareness about teen pregnancy.
• Teen pregnancy is part of the youth program in most religious organisations.
• People with specialised skills like teachers, nurses, doctors, are used to address teenagers.
• Social workers volunteer their services in their respective religious organisations.
• Some members of different religious organisations do show signs of character improvement.
• The number of teenagers who disagree with teen pregnancy increases.

NO

• The impact is not visible in society.
• The numbers of teen pregnancies in schools are still high.
• Teenagers continue to engage in careless sex.
• ‘Sugar-Daddy’ concept is still popular in some communities.
• Sexually transmitted infections are still reported in local clinics.
• There is still no agreement among religious organisations regarding the use of condoms and contraceptives.
• There is still disagreement between the government and religious organisations about Sex Education in primary schools.
  (Any other relevant responses must be credited.) (12)

1.4 Hermeneutical principles

• Grammar and historical context: This means one must use the rules of grammar and the historical facts to interpret the literal meaning of a text.
• Plan, purpose and context: A piece of writing should be viewed as a whole. What is the writing plan or structure? What was the author's purpose in writing the text? What is the context of the passage being looked at?
• Meaning of words: The meaning of words changes over time and in different places. Find out the original meaning of words as they were used in the normative source.
• Figurative meaning: Figurative and non-literal meaning must be taken into account.
• Other sacred texts: Sacred text may be used to interpret other sacred texts. (12)
  [50]

QUESTION 2
2.1
2.1.1 The nature of humanity, with reference to community and individual

• Christians believe that humans were created in the image of God.
• After creating Adam and Eve, God instructed them to look after the Garden of Eden and the whole of creation.
• As co-creator with God, humans are God’s representatives on earth.
• God has appointed them to look after His property, the world.
• Christians believe that human beings were created immortal.
• However Adam and Eve disobeyed God’s commandments.
• The penalty for this sin was death for the human race.
• After this condemnation, God still tried to liberate humanity from evil and death.
• After death, Christians envisage a new community that will be marked by love. (10)

2.1.2 Nature of life after death

• Christians believe that human beings were created immortal.
• Adam and Eve disobeyed Gods commandments.
• The penalty for this sin was death for the human race.
• After this condemnation, God still tried to liberate humanity from evil and death.
• After death, Christians envisage a new community that will be marked by love, sharing and caring. (10)

2.1.3 Nature of divinity

• God is the Creator of the universe.
• God is omnipotent which means that He is powerful.
• God is spirit’.
• God is caring and loving.
• God is understood as the Holy Trinity which refers to God the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.
  (Any other relevant responses must be credited.)(10)

2.2
2.2.1 Oral tradition

• Oral tradition in all religions serves as an effective way of passing the original message, from one generation to the other by word of mouth.
• Some religions lay more emphasis on oral traditions than their scared texts.
• Oral traditions still play an important role in some religions, e.g. ATR.
• Oral tradition provides more clarity than written text owing to narrative style.
• The chain of narrators is also important as it leads to the source.
• Oral tradition reflects local dialect and culture. It is therefore more easily understood in each culture.
• Rituals in many religions include oral traditions, e.g. Baptism in Christianity. (10)

2.2.2 Inspiration

• Inspiration is an important normative source in many religions.
• It is the true origin of all religions.
• Inspiration refers to the power or force of an extraordinary being, 'taking over' a chosen being.
• The founding figures of many religions were inspired by a higher power or wisdom.
• Such people felt that they received 'revelation' from an extraordinary being.
• Examples are Moses, Jesus Christ, Abraham, Prophet Muhammad, Buddha and Baha'u'llah.
• In ATR, mediums or diviners receive inspiration while they are in a trance.
• This inspiration is on-going, while that of the Abrahamic faiths did not go beyond their founders.
• Inspiration is a powerful motivation for the followers of a religion.  (10)

[50]

QUESTION 3
3.1
3.1.1 Big Bang Theory

• The scientific explanation of Creation is called the Big Bang Theory.
• According to the Big Bang Theory, it is not known what existed before the Big Bang.
• The Big Bang Theory states that there was an enormous explosion and within a second the universe appeared and filled out to an enormous size.
• The Big Bang Theory states that the process of creation occurred within a second.
• According to the scientific account the Big Bang took place 13,7 billion years ago.
• Small temperature differences led to varying densities of matter throughout the universe.
• Those densites formed into clusters of matter and energy.
• The clusters continued to condense in a lumpy way and eventually formed the vast collection of stars called galaxies.
• Some galaxies condensed into a combination of stars called the solar system.
• Scientists believe that the universe is expanding at this moment.
• The scientific account does not mention any Creator.
  (Any other relevant responses must be credited.) (14)

3.1.2 Abrahamic religions/Middle East Religions

• The Creator is male.
• At first, only the Creator existed.
• The Creator made the universe from nothing.
• The process of creation took six days.
• Humans were made on the sixth day.
• There is one perfect God.
• He created the heaven and earth, and all that is in it.
• The first two humans were Adam and Eve. God made them from clay.
• God breathed His spirit into Adam, and he came to life.
• These humans lived in a perfect Garden of Eden. (12)

3.2 The attitude of religion towards evolution since the 19th century.

• In the 19th century, when Darwin’s Origin of Species was published, the response of the church was total rejection.
• It was seen as blasphemy.
• Today there are more liberal views in Christianity, as well as in Judaism and Islam.
• Liberal believers believe that there is common ground between religion and science.
• They re-interpreted part of their own tradition so as to accommodate evolution.
• They argue that at a deep level, teachings about nature in the holy books must be understood allegorically, or figuratively.
• For example, some Christian theologians have argued that the account of creation in Genesis must not be interpreted in the physical sense.
• Liberal believers say there is no conflict between science and religion, as long as one sees science as uncovering God’s laws.
• They also explain creation through the terms ‘creation science’ or ‘intelligent design’.
• These concepts incorporate evolution into the creation plans of the Supreme Being.
• That is, organisms were designed by God to be able to adapt to changing environments, thus leading to new species.
• The attitude of liberal believers of the Abrahamic faiths has definitely become more liberal towards the theory of evolution.
• Everything in scripture is equally timeless and eternal, and true in a literal sense.
• Creationism, as it is explained in the book of Genesis, is regarded as true, and in a literal sense.
• God created Adam and Eve who were the first humans.
• Adam and Eve were created perfect in the image of God.
• They did not evolve from other form of life, but were created as a unique species.
• They are above all God’s creation.
• Orthodox believers refer to the famous watch analogy of William Paley.
• Paley argued that the watch is a complicated piece of engineering, and couldn`t come into being by chance: there must have been an intelligent designer. As the universe is far more complicated, it too, must had an intelligent designer (God).
• Orthodox believers argue that God does not change His plans He is still in charge of creation.
• Therefore, the attitude of orthodox/fundamentalist believers has not changed at all. Religion deals with God and science deals with nature.
• However, other religions such as Hinduism and Buddhism, have always accepted the theory of evolution.
• Hinduism has no problem with evolution; they have a more advanced theory which incorporates spiritual evolution.
• The evolution theory did not create a conflict with Hindu thought and beliefs for it contributed to the understanding of evolution towards Moksha.
• Therefore, in these religions (Hinduism and Buddhism), there is no change in attitude.
• In African Traditional Religion, there has been no objection to evolution theory, as the universe is seen as interconnected parts.
• However, the status of man is clearly seen as above the rest of creation.(24)

[50] 

QUESTION 4
4.1 For the purpose of this marking guideline Sudan is discussed as an example.
4.1.1 Sudan, Sudanese Tribes, (Arabic speaking tribes, Fur and Masalit) (4)
4.1.2 Causes

• North Sudan comprises mainly Arabic speaking tribes.
• A number of tribes, some of whom were animists, while others were Christian, lived in the Darfur region and south.
• The conflict in Sudan has lasted more than hundred years.
• There are also economic factors that play a role: the economy of the north is better developed than that of the South.
• The Fur and Masalit tribes are farmers, while the Arabs are mostly nomads. This led to conflict of grazing.
• The discovery of oil in the south (Heglig fields) has led to factional conflicts, as well as greater effort by Khartoum to exert political control over South.
• When Khartoum imposed Sharia law on the whole country, it resulted in an armed uprising against the government.
• The Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA) was formed and led the attacks against the government.
• However, the SPLA soon split into different factions and turned on each other.
• These splits were mainly along tribal lines.
• Even after the South was established as an independent state in 2011, fighting has still continued.
  (Any relevant response must be credited.) (12)

4.1.3 Role of religion

• Religion plays only a minor role in the conflict, and therefore this is not a religious war.
• No attempt has been made by one religion to convert members of another religion.
• Muslims also enlisted in the SPLA.
• There was also evidence of infighting in the SPLA soon after it was formed.
• The conflict was therefore not religious.
• There are numerous other divisions (economic and tribal) which have continued even after the establishment of South Sudan.
  (Any relevant responses must be credited.) (14)

4.2 Types of rituals in religion

•  A ritual is a set of formal actions or behaviour with a ceremonial purpose performed at regular intervals within a particular environment.
  • Worship rituals: These are rituals which are performed frequently to express one’s feelings, e.g. daily or weekly worship.
  • Life-cycle rituals: These are rituals connected with different stages of an individual’s life e.g. initiation, marriage, illness or death.
  • Annual-cycle: These are rituals that take place at a particular time of the year: e.g. Christmas
  • Commemorative rituals: Rites of celebration and memorial.
  • Sacrificial rituals: Many religions include sacrifice as part of their rituals.
    (Any other responses must be credited)(10)

4.3 Roles of rituals
4.3.1 Psychological roles

• Rituals satisfy a part of being human that cannot be explained logically.
• Some put flowers on a grave.
• This is not done for people who have died, or for others to see, but it satisfies a deep personal need.
• The need for rituals in our lives seems to have its origin in the right side of the brain.(6)

4.3.2 Spiritual roles

• Such rituals are performed to strengthen the gap between people and the divine.
• When a priest in the Roman Catholic tradition performs Mas. The body and blood of Jesus is said to be one with the water and wine.
  (Any other responses must be credited) (4)

[50]

QUESTION 5
5.1 World Views
EXAMPLE 1: Secularism

• Secularism has paved the way for the development of human rights.
• All religions are given equal status before the law, because of the ideas of secularism.
• It allows different religions to co-exist in harmony.
• Different religions, including minorities, participate in the formal activities of the state.
• All religions are given equal status and are free to observe their holy days.
• Secularism has minimised religious wars and general religious conflicts in the world.

EXAMPLE 2: Materialism

• This secular world view teaches that matter is the only reality and denies the existence of a spirit of supernatural realm.
• It developed in different areas in Europe and India during what is known as the Axial era (800–200BCE).
• Expressions of this philosophy can be found in ancient Indian philosophy, Buddhism and Confucianism.
• Karl Marx used the term ‘dialectical materialism’ which is a teaching that matter is the fundamental cause of everything.
• He also used the term ‘historical materialism’ which is a teaching that economics and relationships between workers and owners are the fundamental structure in the society
  (Any other relevant responses must be credited.) (10 x 2) (20)

5.2 Internal differences in any ONE religion
For the purpose of the marking guideline Islam is discussed as an example
5.2.1 Teachings in Islam

• Islam is divided into two major groups, namely the Sunni and Shi’a 

Sunni Muslim

• Sunni refers to following the Sunnah (example) of the Prophet Muhammad.
• The Hadith narrated by the companions of the Prophet have equal status to those narrated by his family members.
• The sect believes that all the teachings contained in the Books of Hadith are equally important.
• Sunnis follow the teachings of scholars of the 7th and 8th centuries.
• Sunnis do not accept that the caliph can come exclusively from the Prophet’s family.

Shi’a Muslim

• Shia means partisan or separate party.
• The hadith narrated by the companions of the Prophet have less significance than that narrated by his family members.
• The Shi’a follow the teachings and opinions only of a living scholar. (10)

5.2.2 Difference in Governance
Sunni

• There is no clergy in Sunni Islam.
• Any Moslem can serve on community boards.
• Governance is community based.
• Scholars of Islam and community members serve on governing boards of mosques and madrassahs and schools.

Shi’a

• Shi’a Muslim revere the descendants of the Prophet Muhammad and that they have the right to lead Muslims.
• They reserve the title ‘Imam’ for certain past leaders who are believed to have been chosen by God.
• The final word in any uncertainty about any religious or political issues lies with the representative of the Imam.
• Governance is in the hands of mullahs (priests) who rule by religious decree.(10)

5.2.3 Practices: Sunni

• Religious practices are strictly in accordance with the Sunnah of the Prophet as laid down in the Hadith.
• In Sunni Islam, an ‘Imam’ is simply a leader of a congregation.
• Muttah (temporary marriage) is forbidden.
• Imam does not denote formal training in Sunni Islam.

Practices: Shi’a

• They believe that the caliphate (the Prophet Muhammed’s successor) will come from his descendants.
• Imams are only descendants of the Prophet Muhammad who they believe to be divinely appointed.
• The shrine of Hussein in Karbala is an important pilgrimage for the Shia’s.
• Muttah (temporary marriage) is allowed.
• They practise self-mutilation, for example at the commemoration of the tragedy of Karbala.(10)

[50]
TOTAL: 150

MEMORANDUM

SECTION A
QUESTION 1
1.1
1.1.1 B – Mitzvot / D – Halakah. (1)
1.1.2 A – path of the universe. (1)
1.1.3 D – Brahamas or spiritual teachers. (1)
1.1.4 A – Siddharta Gautama. (1)
1.1.5 B – Iran. (1)
1.1.6 B – Abu Bakr / D – Ali. (1)
1.1.7 B – the Divine Life Society (1)
1.1.8 A – A collection of teachings of the Prophet Muhammad (1)
1.1.9 D – Therevada Buddhism. (1)
1.1.10 B – teachings with absolute authority. (1)

1.2
1.2.1 E – Christianity (1)
1.2.2 D – Kitáb-i-Aqdas (1)
1.2.3 A – Traditional Hinduism (1)
1.2.4 F – Myth (1)
1.2.5 C – Islam (1)
1.2.6 H – Ritual (1)

1.3
1.3.1 Shoghi Effendi – Others are scientists. Shoghi Effendi is the person that succeeded Abdu’l-Baha.(2)
1.3.2 Sanskrit – An ancient language of the Far East. The others belong to Buddhism.(2)
1.3.3 Tripitaka – The sacred canon of Theravada Buddhism. The others are concepts in Buddhism.(2)
1.3.4 African Traditional Religion – Does not have a sacred text. The rest have sacred texts and a founder.(2)
1.3.5 Ecumenism – Is a concept that means unity in churches. The rest are concepts in Hinduism.(2)

1.4
1.4.1 Moksha

• The spiritual goal of humans is to free the soul.
• The spiritual goal of humans towards rebirth from the body so that its oneness with Brahmin can be realised.       (2)

1.4.2 Nation state

• An independent group of cities and villages united by culture, religion and government.(2)

1.4.3 Non-theism

• An approach that does not reject God’s existence.
• Non-theists simply ignore the concept of God.(2)

1.4.4 Inspiration

• Refers to the breath (power/knowledge) of an extraordinary being or power.
• For example, a deity taking over a person and inspiring him or her with divine knowledge.
• An inspired person can also feel that they are possessed by a certain power.
• Most religions have founding figures who were inspired by a higher power or wisdom.(2)

1.4.5 Atheism

• Rejects the existence of a Supreme Being.(2)

1.5
1.5.1 FALSE – Syncretism is a blending of different religions / Hermeneutics is the science of interpreting religious texts.(2)
1.5.2 FALSE – A shaman is someone who acts as a medium between the visible and the spiritual world.(2)
1.5.3 FALSE – Bukhari is a Hadith collection of Imam Bukhari (2)
1.5.4 FALSE – The New Testament is part of the Christian Bible. (2)
1.6
1.6.1 Normative source

• The word refers to creating standards; tending to create or lay down standards.
• It also affirms how things should be.(2)

1.6.2 Secularism

• Secularism seeks to interpret life on principles taken solely from the material world, without recourse to religion.
• Secularism shifts the focus from religion to other ‘temporal’ and ‘this-worldly’ things, with emphasis on nature, reason, science, and development.(4)

TOTAL SECTION A: 50

SECTION B
QUESTION 2
2.1 UNIQUENESS

• Uniqueness is the quality of being unique or unusual.
• It is those features that make a religion different from other religions.
• It is those features that make it identifiable as a different religion.
• There is uniqueness in beliefs, practices and normative texts.
• In Religion Studies it means that each religion is unique or remarkable.(4)

2.2 ONE factor that forms religious identity

• Rituals(2)

2.3 FUNCTIONS OF UNIQUENESS

• It strengthens the believer’s faith.
• It identifies the religion from among other religions.
• It guides the believer’s way of life.
• It helps the believer unite in the spiritual life as a communion with other believers.
• It assists the believers to explain why they choose a particular religion.
• It helps members to identify who belongs to the faith and who does not.(6)

2.4
2.4.1 EASTERN RELIGIONS BUDDHISM

• Impermanence lies at the very heart of all Buddhist philosophy.
• It implies that even the gods / enlightened beings in Buddhism are not immortal.
• The Eightfold Path is prescribed as a way of ending suffering.
• Human suffering is caused by unfulfilled human desire.
  OR

HINDUISM

• It is not a missionary religion.
• Hinduism believes in many gods / It is a polytheistic religion.
• Hinduism does not have a founder.
• The Hindus believe in reincarnation.
• Their primary source is the Vedas.
• Ramayana and Mahabharata are encyclopaedic sources.
• They believe in the Law of Karma.(6)

2.4.2 MIDDLE EASTERN RELIGIONS JUDAISM

• Jews believe that they have a covenant with God.
• God is perceived as a father-like figure who is both their Creator and Protector.
• God is so holy that it is forbidden to even speak His name.
• They believe that God revealed Himself through His Law.
• They lay more emphasis on the correct way of life, rather than faith or belief.
  OR

ISLAM

• The Muslims believe that there is one God, called Allah.
• They believe that Allah sent various prophets, but the final messenger is Prophet Mohammad.
• Their primary sources are the Qur’an and the Hadith.
• They believe in the final judgement when all mankind will be judged.
• They believe the Qur’an was revealed in the Arabic language and it must be read in Arabic.
  OR

CHRISTIANITY

• Christians believe in the Lord Jesus Christ as the Son of the living God.
• They believe that God sent His son to die for their sins.
• They believe that God took the human form of Jesus Christ.
• They believe that Jesus was crucified and resurrection from the dead.
• They believe in the Trinity – the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit.
• They believe that forgiveness is in the name of Jesus.
• They believe that Jesus Christ is the only way to God.
• They celebrate the Holy Communion (Eucharist) as remembrance of the death of Jesus Christ.(6)

NOTE: Any relevant answer must be credited.
2.5 FOUR SIMILIARITIES THAT EXIST WITHIN ABRAHAMIC RELIGIONS

• Belief in one God.
• Belief in prophets.
• Belief in angels.
• Belief in the Day of Judgement.
• They have sacred books.
• They have special places of worship.
• They have religious holidays.
• They belief in God as Creator.
• The have special dress code.(8)

2.6
2.6.1 HINDUISM’S VIEW ON KARMA

• The Law of Karma refers to the belief that every action has a consequence that may show up in a later reincarnation.
• It also implies the results of actions.
• According to the scripture called the Upanishads, the law of Karma is clearly formulated.
• It teaches that a person’s actions from the past are responsible for his or her present state.(4)

2.6.2 FACTS ABOUT INYANGA

• The inyanga is a primary healer.
• A person who helps people who are sick or ill with herbs and natural medicines.
• He/she provides the services of medicinal healing in a given community.
• The medicine is called ‘muti’.(4)

2.6.3 CANON

• Canon refers to books recognised as authoritative, like the books of the Christian Bible.
• These books are believed to be divinely revealed.
• They are also believed to be divinely inspired.
• It was declared as such.(4)

2.7 2.7.1 SIMILARITIES

• It refers to ‘being alike’.
• It is important to specify similarities, e.g. the similarities between two religions, e.g. the Buddhist and Hindu religions (believes in reincarnation).(2)

2.7.2 IDENTITY

• Identity means individuality.
• It means the religion has a certain individuality or a certain personality that distinguishes it from other religions.
• It means the affirmation of the dignity and value of a religion.
• It means an exclusive religious identity in which one identifies strongly with the beliefs and doctrines of the religion and sees these as defining one’s life.(2)

2.7.3 DIFFERENCES

• It is the opposite of similarities.
• It refers to a point at which things are not the same.(2)
  [50]

QUESTION 3
3.1
3.1.1 DEFINE INTERRELIGIOUS DIALOGUE

• It is a challenging process by which adherents of differing religious traditions engage with each other.
• This is done to break down the walls of division that stand at the centre of most wars.
• The objective of interreligious dialogue is peace.(2)

3.1.2 SYNONYM FOR INSTRUMENTAL

• Important
• Involved
• Helpful       (2)

3.1.3 THE IMPACT RELIGION HAD ON MR MANDELA

• They played a major role in bringing about the end of apartheid in South Africa.
• These religious groups provided him and other young blacks with an education.
• They also gave comfort to political prisoners and their families.(6)

3.1.4 ORGANISATION THAT CAME INTO BEING

• The Cape Town Interfaith Initiative
• The CTII works for a unified interreligious and spiritual understanding and respect in South Africa.
• The mission of the CTII is to celebrate and share the richness of the religious and spiritual diversity in the Western Cape.
• It seeks to promote community interfaith understanding, harmony and cooperation, through both an awareness of universal spirituality and an honouring of the dignity of difference.
• The CTII arranges events where people from different faith can dialogue, attend rituals, and celebrate moments in the political and social life of South Africa together.(8)

3.1.5 INTERRELIGIOUS DIALOGUE PRIOR TO 1996

• Christianity was the state religion.
• Other religions were given little or no recognition.
• Religious freedom and equality were not in the statute books.
• There was separate observation of religious observances.
• This was in line with the apartheid government’s goal of separate development.
• People were not educated about other religions.
• However, apartheid served to unite religions.
• The South African Council of Churches (SACC) was formed in 1968. The SACC united Christians of various denominations.
• The Call of Islam was formed in 1984.
• Jews for Justice was formed in 1985.
• The inter-faith struggle against apartheid resulted in the formation of the South African branch of the World Conference of Religions for Peace (WCRP) in 1984.   (10)

3.1.6 WOMEN’S ROLE IN INTERRELIGIOUS DIALOGUE
YES

• They have women’s unions, where they pray together for all challenges facing women.
• When a family loses a family member, women of that particular area unite in assisting the grieving family.
• South African women of different faiths unite to fight against rape, as well as the abuse of women and children.
• They have their motto, ‘wathinta abafiza wathinta imbokodo’, meaning, ‘if you touch the women, you strike the rock’.
• They always overcome their religious differences when they are fighting against social ills.
  OR

NO

• Women are seldom in leadership positions in religious organisations therefore, therefore do not play a role.
• Women are marginalised by the misinterpretation of religious teaching.
• In certain communities, cultural practices discriminate against women.
• They therefore confine their work to their own religious groups.(8)

NOTE: Other relevant answers must be credited.
3.2
3.2.1 REASONS FOR REMOVING CHRISTMAS AND GOOD FRIDAY

• The SALRC believe that Christianity are receiving prejudicial treatment through the fact that the two main Christian holidays are declared as paid public holidays.
• Adherents of other faiths are disadvantaged as they do not have the benefit of a paid public holiday during their religious celebrations.(4)

3.2.2 REASONABLE ARGUMENTS BY CHRISTIANS

• Easter and Christmas are two of the most holy days for Christians.
• Christians are, by far, the biggest religious grouping in our country.
• Christianity makes up 79,8% of South Africa’s population.
• Only two of the twelve public holidays are Christians holidays, the rest are all secular public holidays.
• In 1994, Ascension Day was completely removed from the national calendar and Easter Monday was changed to Family Day.
• It would appear as if Christianity is systematically being removed from our society.
• The weeks leading up to these two periods (Christmas and Easter) are two of the most economic active weeks in our country.
• No other religion even come close to the buying power that Christians display during these times. Removing Christmas and Good Friday might appear to bring equality to the situation, but it might also give our already struggling economy a knock it might struggle to recover from.
• Being the largest religious grouping in South Africa, Christians can bring significant financial pressure to influence this decision.
• The fact that no other religion can compare in terms of numbers, it would not be equality to give all religions the same status.
• Then there is the question of discrimination among the secular public holidays on the current calendar.
• We celebrate Women’s Day as a public holiday, but not Men’s Day.
• We also have a Workers’ Day on our calendar, while employers are discriminated against.(4)

3.2.3 ALTERNATIVES ACCORDING TO THE PUBLIC HOLIDAYS ACT

• According to the Public Holidays Act, a person adhering to another religion can exchange the existing Good Friday and Christmas holidays, for an occasion of their choice.
• Employers must be flexible to allow employees who are adherents of other religions to celebrate the religious holiday of their choice.
• If Muslims want to take paid leave on Ramadan and Hindus take their day off on Diwali, they can do the necessary arrangements with their employers.(4)

3.2.4 WHAT DOES THE QUOTATION MEAN?

• The writer does not believe that the presence of these public holidays on the South African calendar, strengthens religious separation.
• The term divides denote a certain level of conflict between religions over these public holidays.
• There has never been any conflict in South Africa pertaining to these holidays.(2)

[50]

QUESTION 4
4.1 4.1.1 EXPLAIN THE CONCEPT PARABLE

• A parable provides a deeper meaning than the obvious surface one.
• It is a kind of a story that demonstrates a moral point.
• Parables are commonly used in religion, e.g. Christianity.
• These stories are designed to teach spiritual truths.(4)

4.1.2 OPINION ON WHAT THE LESSON IS

• Allah is referred to as the light of the heavens and the earth.
• Allah is likened unto a lamp that shines although fire never lit it.
• Allah is thus self-sustaining.
• Allah’s essence is likened unto olive oil that has no origin.
• Allah is the guiding light to those who desire to be led by him. (4)

4.1.3 ELEMENTS IN THE PARABLE

• Light
• Lamp
• Glass
• Oil  (4)

4.1.4 A PARABLE:
A Christian parable: The Prodigal Son

• The prodigal son is a well-known Christian parable about a son who left his home and family to lead a wild and wicked life.
• He eventually returns home, sick and penniless.
• He is joyously welcomed by his father.
• The point of the parable is that God rejoices in the return of a sinner, like a father over a lost son.
  OR

A Hindu parable: The blind men and the elephant

• In the parable, each of six men touch parts of an elephant.
• The individual characteristics of the same elephant are based only on what each blind man was able to perceive.
• This parable is about a range of truths and mistakes.
• It is also about the need for communication.
• The need for respect for different perspectives are also a strong theme.
  OR

An African parable

• A young man was sent by his parents.
• He was reminded to always give help where he could and to be humble.
• He was also reminded to never disgrace his clan.
• They will be with him in spirit.
• On the way he met an old woman sitting with tattered clothes.
• She asked him for something to eat and he refused.
• She asked to clean her eyes.
• Again he refused to help her.
• Suddenly there was thick mist and he could not see and return home.
• At home he saw the old woman who had eaten and now clean.
• She told the story and left.
• His parents were very disappointed.
• They reminded him that they said to him that he would not journey alone; any individual is monitored by God and by the ancestors. (8)

4.2 4.2.1 CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE
Doctrine of the Trinity

• This doctrine teaches the unity of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit.
• The Trinity is regarded as one Godhead.
• The doctrine states that God is the triune God, existing as three persons, but is one being. (4)

4.2.2 HINDU DOCTRINE Doctrine of reincarnation

• The doctrine of reincarnation is the philosophical concept that the non-physical essence (soul) of a living being can start a new life after a biological death.
• This new life is in a different form or body after the person dies.
• The future form is dependent on the persons’ previous actions and behaviour. (4)

4.3 ROMAN CATHOLIC DOGMA

• A well-known doctrine of the Catholic Church is that of the Immaculate Conception.
• They refer to it as the Perpetual Virginity of the Mother Mary, the Mother of God.
• Roman Catholicism holds as true that Mary, the mother of Jesus, was a virgin when she fell pregnant with Jesus.
• This was adopted as dogma only in the nineteenth century. (6)

4.4
4.4.1 BELIEF

• A belief is what adherents of a religion hold to be true.
• Faith describes the acceptance of a statement or teaching, this is regarded as the truth by the attachment to the beliefs / beliefs.
• They are uniting elements of a religion.
• They are closely connected to religious rituals.
• EXAMPLE: In Christianity, the Eucharist commemorates the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ.(8)

4.4.2 IDEOLOGY

• An ideology refers to the prevailing worldview that gives meaning to a person’s existence.
• An ideology is the broadest category used to describe the beliefs of an individual.
• Ideologies are always contested.
• EXAMPLE: Religious ideologies include world religions, such as Buddhism and African Traditional Religion.
• Secular ideologies include communism and materialism.(8)

[50]

QUESTION 5
5.1
5.1.1 RIGHTS VIOLATED BY GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE

• The rights to living in a safe environment.
• The right to life.(4)

5.1.2 PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS

• Human rights are a very important part of the South African constitution.
• It is contained in the Bill of Rights.
• The Human Rights Commission serve as the watchdog to protect people’s rights.
• The punishment for people who undermine others’ human rights are part of the constitution of South Africa.(4)

5.1.3 WILL STEPS PROPOSED BY PRESIDENT STEM THE TIDE OF GBV? GIVE REASONS FOR YOUR ANSWER.
YES

• The proposed measures are harsh enough for men to realise they might never be freed again if they commit GBV.
• The extra money made available will go a long way to speed up the process of bringing perpetrators before the courts.
• The possibility of new laws being written might deter men from future gender-based violence.
  OR

NO

• Politicians in South Africa have shown themselves to be talkers, so the possibility that these promises will be kept is small to none.
• With maladministration and fraud rife in the government, it is possible that the money might never be used for its intended purpose.
• The president did not say to what lengths they might change laws.
• In a country where it seems the human rights of criminals are more important than those of women, what might our government suggest in order to stop GBV?(6)

5.1.4 CAMPAIGNS BY RELIGIOUS ORGANISATIONS

• Do seminars and workshops for men and boys to teach them how to treat women.
• Invite celebrities and well-known people to speak at these seminars to the men and boys.
• Invite women who have been victims of gender-based violence (GBV) to speak to the men and boys in their congregations and religious groups.
• Religious organisations can also arrange protest marches to show their solidarity with the victims of gender-based violence.
• Religious organisations need to have their voices heard when women suffer abuse and not help the perpetrators hide their sins.
• Organisations can come together and hold public prayer meetings.(6)

5.1.5 WHAT CAN THE GOVERNMENT DO?

• Pass stricter laws that will make it more difficult for men to get away with abuse.
• Harsher sentences can be given to perpetrators of GBV.
• Bail should be denied to every person who is accused of GBV.
• No parole should be given to perpetrators of GBV who are serving their sentences.
• The government must consider bringing back the death penalty as a deterrent against gender-based violence.(6)

5.1.6 INHUMANE MANNER OF TREATING WOMEN

• ‘… their bodies are disposed of in the bush …’
• ‘… or in shallow graves …
• ‘… or burnt beyond recognition.’(4)

5.1.7 INSTANCES OF FEMICIDE

• The rape and murder of the UCT student, Uyinene Mrwetana.
• Oscar Pistorius and the murder of Reeva Steenkamp.
• The murder of a sixteen-year-old girl in Mpumelelo Village in Stormsriver.
• The murder of Gomolemo Legae (18) in Ramosadi Village outside Mahikeng.
• Leighandre “Baby Lee” Jegels who was murder by her police officer boyfriend.
• Jade Panayiotou whose husband had her killed.
• Incidents in your immediate area can also be mentioned.(4)

NOTE: any relevant answer must be credited. 

5.2
5.2.1 SYNONYM FOR ACTIVISM

• Advocacy
• Involvement
• Militancy
• Striking
• Boycotting
• Championing (2)

5.2.2 AIMS OF 16 DAYS OF ACTIVISM

• The campaign seeks to raise awareness of the negative impact that violence has on women and children.
• To rid society of this abuse permanently.(4)

5.2.3 ONE WORD

• ‘worldwide’ (2)

5.2.4 POSSIBLE CAUSES

• The low status of women in the home and society.
• The abuse of power and positions of authority by men to control women and children.
• The rampant abuse of alcohol and drugs.
• Pornography is also a cause as men often want to enact with their wives, other family members or people what they see on these websites.
• The lack of the necessary social skills to deal with a break-up, on the part of men, has been noted as a cause for some of the violence visited on women.(4)

NOTE: any relevant answer must be credited.
5.2.5 CAN DESIRED AIMS BE REACHED IN 16 DAYS?
NO

• 16 days are too short a period to make a difference.
• Gender-based violence happens throughout the year.
• Focus should be on GBV every day.
  OR

YES

• This time has been set apart by the government, so it will be enough
• This campaign receives much coverage on TV, radio and the internet.
• Perpetrators are also punished with harsher sentences during this time.
• I believe men are more careful during this campaign. (4)

[50]
TOTAL SECTION B: 100
GRAND TOTAL: 150

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. Read the following instructions carefully before answering the questions.
2. This question paper consists of FIVE questions.
3. Answer any THREE of the FIVE questions.
4. Start each question on a NEW page.
5. Read ALL the questions carefully before answering them.
6. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper.
7. The length of your answers must correspond with the marks allocated for each question.
8. Write legibly and present your work neatly.

QUESTIONS

QUESTION 1
Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow.

1.1 In the light of the above statement, identify ONE social problem and explain the causes. (10)
1.2 With reference to any TWO religions you have studied, briefly discuss their teachings that address the social problem you have chosen. (16)
1.3 Do you think religious organisations can reduce the above-mentioned social problems above? Motivate your answer. (12)
1.4 List and explain the hermeneutical principles. (12)
[50]
QUESTION 2
Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow.

2.1In the context of any ONE religion, answer the following questions with reference to the CENTRAL TEACHINGS under the following headings:
2.1.1 The nature of humanity, with reference to community and individual (10)
2.1.2 The nature of life after death (10)
2.1.3 The nature of divinity (10)
2.2 In the context of religion, discuss and evaluate the role of the following:
2.2.1 Oral tradition (10)
2.2.2 Inspiration (10)
[50]

QUESTION 3
Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow.

3.1
3.1.1 Explain and discuss the Big Bang Theory. (14)
3.1.2 Discuss the view of the Abrahamic religions in response to Darwin’s theory regarding creation. (12)
3.2 Read the extract below and answer the following questions.

To what extent has the attitude of religion towards evolution changed since the 19th century?
Give examples from at least TWO religions to support your answer. (24)
[50]

QUESTION 4
4.1 Read the extract below and answer the question that follows.

4.1.1 Choose any ONE area of conflict in Africa and state who was involved in the conflict. (4)
4.1.2 Explain the causes of the conflict. (12)
4.1.3 Evaluate the role of religious organisations in resolving this conflict. (14)
4.2 Analyse THREE types of rituals in religion. (10)
4.3 

In the light of the above extract, briefly discuss the roles of the following two rituals in religion:
4.3.1 Psychological roles (6)
4.3.2 Spiritual roles (4)
[50]
QUESTION 5
Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow.

5.1 Discuss the teachings of any TWO secular world views you have studied. (10 x 2) (20)
5.2 With reference to ANY ONE religion, elaborate and explain the internal differences that exist under the following headings:
5.2.1 Differences in teachings (10)
5.2.2 Differences in governance (10)
5.2.3 Differences in practice (10)

[50]
TOTAL: 150