CIVIL TECHNOLOGY
GRADE 12
NSC PAST PAPERS AND MEMOS
FEBRUARY/MARCH 2018

REQUIREMENTS: 

  1. Drawing instruments
  2. A non-programmable pocket calculator 
  3. ANSWER BOOK 

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 

  1. This question paper consists of SIX questions. 
  2. Answer ALL the questions. 
  3. Answer each question as a whole. Do NOT separate subsections of  questions. 
  4. Start the answer to EACH question on a NEW page. 
  5. Do NOT write in the margins of the ANSWER BOOK. 
  6. You may use sketches to illustrate your answers. 
  7. Write ALL calculations and answers in the ANSWER BOOK or on the  attached ANSWER SHEETS. 
  8. Use the mark allocation as a guide to the length of your answers. 
  9. Make drawings and sketches in pencil, fully dimensioned and neatly finished  off with descriptive titles and notes to conform to the SANS/SABS Code of  Practice for Building Drawings.
  10. For the purpose of this question paper, the size of a brick should be taken as  220 mm x 110 mm x 75 mm.
  11. Use your own discretion where dimensions and/or details have been omitted.
  12. Answer QUESTIONS 1.12, 3.6, 3.7, 4.6, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1 and 6.2 on the attached  ANSWER SHEETS using drawing instruments, where necessary.
  13. Write your CENTRE NUMBER and EXAMINATION NUMBER on every  ANSWER SHEET and hand them in with your ANSWER BOOK, whether you  have used them or not.
  14. Due to electronic transfer, drawings in the question paper are NOT to scale.
  15. Google Images was used as the source for all photographs and pictures.

QUESTIONS

QUESTION 1: CONSTRUCTION, SAFETY AND MATERIAL 
1.1 Choose a description from COLUMN B that matches an item in COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–L) next to the question number (1.1.1–1.1.10) in the  ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.1.11 M. 

COLUMN A 

COLUMN B

1.1.1 Lintel 
1.1.2 Quarter round 
1.1.3 Cube test 
1.1.4 Barge board 
1.1.5 Galvanised sheeting
1.1.6 Preservation 
1.1.7 Angle iron 
1.1.8 DPC 
1.1.9 Slump test 
1.1.10 Aluminium

  1. determine the compressive strength of concrete 
  2. placed over openings to  support brickwork 
  3. prolongs life of materials 
  4. provides a finish to roofs 
  5. fixed to the skirting 
  6. zinc coated for preservation 
  7. determine workability of  concrete 
  8. manufacturing of steel roof  trusses 
  9. waterproofing material 
  10. non-ferrous lightweight metal 
  11. dumpy level 
  12. thermosetting plastic

(10 x 1) (10) 
1.2 FIGURE 1.2 below shows two different safety signs for personal protection.

   
 A  B

FIGURE 1.2 
1.2.1 Explain when you would use safety boots A. (1)
1.2.2 Explain when you would use gum boots B. (1) 
1.3 Give ONE reason why the rungs of a ladder should not be painted. (1) 
1.4 Describe TWO safety precautions that must adhered to to ensure the safety  of workers and the public during deep excavations. (2) 
1.5 Name THREE accessories that you need to conduct a cube test. (3)
1.6 Name the purpose of water during the mixing process of concrete. (1) 
1.7 Give ONE reason why you would use a damp-proof course in the following  places: 
1.7.1 In the walls of a basement (1)
1.7.2 Between a floor and a wall (1) 
1.8 Name the preservative that you would use on timber if you want to see its  natural colour. (1) 
1.9 Name the type of roof covering that you would use if the roof covering is fixed  on top of 38 mm x 38 mm battens. (1) 
1.10 Name the roof component that you would use to close the gap where the roof  coverings meet at the top of a roof. (1) 
1.11 What will you use to join the roof truss members if the members have  butt joints? (1) 
1.12 FIGURE 1.12 on ANSWER SHEET 1.12 shows an incomplete drawing  in stretcher bond of a plan course of a one-brick wall with a half-brick  T-junction.  
Complete the drawing by placing ALL the missing bricks, including the three quarter bricks, in the correct spaces. The bricks you draw must be of the  same size as those on the given drawing. (5) [30]

QUESTION 2: ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND EQUIPMENT
Start this question on a NEW page. 
2.1 Various options are given as possible answers to the following questions.  Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question  number (2.1.1–2.1.5) in the ANSWER BOOK,
for example 2.1.6 C. 
2.1.1 The … is used to measure and set horizontal distances, vertical heights and angles. 

  1. mortice 
  2. mitre square  
  3. dumpy level 
  4. builder's square (1) 

2.1.2 A transparent pipe can be used for … 

  1. setting out foundations. 
  2. marking perpendicular lines.  
  3. testing the squareness of objects.  
  4. transferring heights from one point to another. (1) 

2.1.3 This hammer is mainly used to drive very small nails into wood: 

  1. Cross-peen hammer 
  2. Claw hammer 
  3. Rubber mallet  
  4. Wooden mallet (1) 

2.1.4 A/An … is used to cut steel. 

  1. portable circular saw 
  2. angle grinder 
  3. electric mitre saw 
  4. sliding bevel (1) 

2.1.5 A … is used for cutting along the length of wood. 

  1. ripsaw 
  2. crosscut saw 
  3. portable electric planer  
  4. panel saw (1)

2.2 FIGURE 2.2 below shows power tools and equipment that are used in the  building industry. Write down the name and explain ONE use of each power  tool next to the question number (2.2.1–2.2.2) in the ANSWER BOOK. 

2.2.1   2.2.2
   

FIGURE 2.2 (4) 
2.3 Name the hand tool that you will use to spring a straight line between two  points. (1) 
2.4 Name ONE hand tool that you would use during the building process to  ensure that the corner of the walls of a house is square. (1) 
2.5 Differentiate between a rough arch and a gauged arch in terms of the type of  brick used to build the arch. (2) 
2.6 FIGURE 2.6 below is a drawing of a pile. Study the drawing and answer the  questions that follow. 
ENLARGED TOE
FIGURE 2.6 
2.6.1 Name the type of pile in FIGURE 2.6. (1) 
2.6.2 Describe TWO factors that will determine the use of this type  of pile. (2) 
2.6.3 Name the material that can be placed inside the pile to make the  concrete in the pile stronger. (1) 
2.7 FIGURE 2.7 below shows two types of reinforcing bars that can be used for  reinforcing concrete. Study the figure and name EACH reinforcing bar. Write  down the answer next to the number (2.7.1–2.7.2) in the ANSWER BOOK. 
ROPE
FIGURE 2.7 (2) 
2.8 FIGURE 2.8 below illustrates a flight of concrete stairs. Study the drawing and  name parts A to C in the ANSWER BOOK. 
STAIRS
FIGURE 2.8 (3) 
2.9 Name TWO defects that can occur in concrete due to shuttering. (2) 
2.10 FIGURE 2.10 below shows a sectional view of an external wall. 
2.10
FIGURE 2.10 
2.10.1 Identify the type of wall. (1)
2.10.2 Identify part A and explain the function of this part. (2)
2.10.3 Name the type of mixture that is used for B. (1)
2.10.4 Explain ONE reason for filling part B with this type of mixture. (1)
2.10.5 Identify part C. (1) 
2.10.6 Give the minimum distance of the opening in the wall in  FIGURE 2.10. (1) 
2.11 FIGURE 2.11 below illustrates an incomplete vertical sectional view through a  dry wall. Study the sketch and answer the questions that follow. 
2.11
FIGURE 2.11 
2.11.1 Identify parts A and B. (2)
2.11.2 Name any other material that B can be made of. (1)
2.11.3 Explain TWO advantages of dry walls. (2)
2.12 FIGURE 2.12 below is a sketch of components of a suspended floor. 
2.12
FIGURE 2.12 
2.12.1 Name the type of suspended floor where these components will  be used. (1) 
2.12.2 Identify parts A to C. (3) [40] 

QUESTION 3: CIVIL SERVICES 
Start this question on a NEW page.  
3.1 FIGURE 3.1 below shows a water trap that is used in civil services. 
3.1
FIGURE 3.1 
3.1.1 Identify the water trap. (1)
3.1.2 Name ONE place where the trap can be used. (1) 
3.2 FIGURE 3.2 below shows an electrical water-heating system. Study the  sketch and answer the questions that follow. 
3.2
FIGURE 3.2 
3.2.1 Explain the functions of pipes A and B as used in the geyser  installation. (2) 
3.2.2 Explain the purpose of C. (1)
3.2.3 Give ONE reason for using a drip tray in a geyser installation. (1) 
3.3 FIGURE 3.3 below is a drawing of an open storm-water channel. Study the  drawing and answer the questions that follow. 
3.3
FIGURE 3.3 
3.3.1 Explain the term storm water. (1)
3.3.2 Explain the function of storm-water channels. (1)
3.4 Describe ONE advantage of shallow water wells. (1) 
3.5 Water from a borehole is extracted by using an electric pump, a hand operated pump or a solar-powered pump. Name ONE other method that can  be used to extract water from a borehole. (1) 
3.6 FIGURE 3.6 on ANSWER SHEET 3.6 shows an incomplete floor plan of  a kitchen. Complete the drawing by drawing the symbols and wiring for the  following electrical fittings: 
3.6.1 Two-way switch at A (2)
3.6.2 Socket outlet at B (2)
3.6.3 Light at C (2)
3.6.4 Electrical wiring from A to C (2) 
3.7 FIGURE 3.7 on ANSWER SHEET 3.7 shows the incomplete layout of  a one-pipe sewerage system connected to a conservancy tank. Study  the drawing and draw the layout of the sewerage system on  ANSWER SHEET 3.7. All regulations and design principles of a good  sewerage system must be adhered to. 
The sewerage system must consist of the following and it should be indicated  with the correct drawing symbols: 

  • 1 x rodding eye (1) 
  • 1 x gully at the kitchen sink (1) 
  • 1 x ventilation pipe (1) 
  • Main sewerage pipes (2) 
  • 4 x inspection eyes (4) 
  • 1 x manhole   (1) 
  • Any TWO abbreviations for the sanitary fixtures  (2) [30]

QUESTION 4: QUANTITIES, MATERIALS AND JOINING 
Start this question on a NEW page. 
4.1 Below are pictures of fasteners that are used on building sites and in  workshops. Write down the name and ONE use of EACH fastener next to the  question number (4.1.1–4.1.3) in the ANSWER BOOK.
METALS(6) 
4.2 Name ONE fastener that you will use to fix a truss hanger to a wall. (1)
4.3 Name ONE method of joining copper pipes. (1)
4.4 Name TWO advantages of screws when compared to nails. (2) 
4.5 FIGURE 4.5 on the next page shows the brandering layout of a ceiling  construction and the four walls. Study the drawing and complete the  incomplete cutting list. Write down the answer next to the question number  (4.5.1 to 4.5.7) in the ANSWER BOOK. 
Use the following specifications to answer the question. 

  • Ceiling board: 6,4 mm x 900 mm x 3 000 mm
  • Brandering: 38 mm x 38 mm 
  • Brandering is placed 75 mm away from each wall.
  • Cornice: 75 mm x 75 mm
  • Metal cover strips: 7 mm x 20 mm x 3 000 mm
  • The longest brander (brandering) touches the short walls.

4.5FIGURE 4.5 

CUTTING LIST FOR CEILING

MEMBER 

QUANTITY 

UNIT 

LENGTH 

 

WIDTH THICKNESS 

TOTAL 

LENGTH 

MATERIAL

Long-wall  branders (brandering)

mm 

4 575 

4.5.1 

38 

9 150 

SA pine

Short-wall  branders (brandering)

mm 

4.5.2 

38 

38 

10 300 

SA pine

Intermediate  branders (brandering)

4.5.3 

mm 

4 349 

38 

38 

21 745 

SA pine

Ceiling  boards

mm 

4.5.4 

900 

6,4 

11 780 

Gypsum  board

Cornices: Short wall 

mm 

2 575 

75 

75 

4.5.5 

Gypsum  board

Cornices: Long wall 

mm 

4.5.6 

75 

75 

9 150 

Gypsum  board

Metal  cover strips 

mm 

2 575 

20 

4.5.7 

Steel/ Aluminium 

(7) 
4.6 FIGURE 4.6 below shows the floor plan of a room. You must install ceiling  boards and skirtings in this room. 
SPECIFICATIONS: 

  • External measurements of the room: 6 500 mm x 3 800 mm
  • The external walls are one-brick walls (220 mm).
  • Door opening: 2 100 mm x 900 mm
  • Size of ceiling boards: 3 900 mm x 900 mm 

4.6FIGURE 4.6 

Use ANSWER SHEET 4.6 and answer the following questions. 
4.6.1 Calculate the inside floor area of the room in square metres (m²).  Round off your answer to TWO decimals. (6) 
4.6.2 Calculate the area of ONE ceiling board in square metres (m²). (3) 
4.6.3 Calculate the total length of the skirtings for the room in  metres (m). (4) [30] 

QUESTION 5: APPLIED MECHANICS 
Start this question on a NEW page. 
5.1 FIGURE 5.1 below shows a shaped lamina. All dimensions are in millimetres. 
Study the lamina and calculate the centroid of the lamina from B–B. Round off  your answer to TWO decimal places. 
HINT: Use the formula on the FORMULA SHEET 
5.1
FIGURE 5.1 (10) 
5.2 FIGURE 5.2 below shows the space diagram of a truss with two point loads  and a span of 10 metres. 
5.2
FIGURE 5.2 
5.2.1 Use ANSWER SHEET 5.2 and develop and draw a vector diagram  to determine the nature and magnitude of the forces in the  members of the truss graphically.  
Use scale 1 mm = 1 N. (8) 
5.2.2 Use the information in the space diagram and vector diagram and  complete the table on ANSWER SHEET 5.2. (4) 
5.3 FIGURE 5.3 below shows the space diagram of a beam with a span of  10 metres, with three point loads and a uniformly distributed load. Study the  diagram and answer the questions that follow.
5.3
FIGURE 5.3 
5.3.1 Convert the uniformly distributed load to a point load and write  down the value of the converted point load. (1) 
5.3.2 Determine the distance of the converted uniformly distributed load  that now is a point load from RR. (1) 
5.3.3 Determine the distance of the converted uniformly distributed load  that now is a point load from RL. (1) 
5.3.4 The value of the bending moments at A = 0 Nm, B = 132 Nm,  C = 178 Nm, D = 204 Nm, E = 132 Nm and F = 0 Nm. Use ALL the available information and draw the bending moment diagram on  ANSWER SHEET 5.3. Use scale 1 mm = 2 Nm. (5) [30] 

QUESTION 6: GRAPHICS AND COMMUNICATION 
6.1 FIGURE 6.1 below shows the west elevation of a proposed dwelling.  Study the drawing and complete the table on ANSWER SHEET 6.1. 
6.1
FIGURE 6.1 (15) 
6.2 FIGURE 6.2 below shows the floor plan of a site office with a gable roof with  open eaves. 
6.2
FIGURE 6.2 
Draw on ANSWER SHEET 6.2, to scale 1 : 20, a sectional view on  section line A–A. Show the top 600 mm of the wall and just more than half  of the king post roof truss. Start your drawing from corner A on  ANSWER SHEET 6.2. 
Use the specifications on the next page. 
SPECIFICATIONS: 

  • Wall: 220 mm wide, plastered on both sides
  • Plaster: 20 mm thick 
  • Wall plate: 114 mm x 38 mm 
  • Span of roof: 4 110 mm
  • A king post roof truss with an open eave is used.
  • Slope of roof: 30°
  • Tie beam: 114 mm x 38 mm
  • Rafters: 114 mm x 38 mm
  • King post: 114 mm x 38 mm
  • Branders (Brandering): 38 mm x 38 mm on 450 mm centre to centre
  • Gypsum ceiling board: 6 mm
  • Cornice: 75 mm x 75 mm
  • Eaves overhang: 500 mm 

Print the title and scale below the drawing. 
Print any FOUR labels on the drawing. (25) [40] 

TOTAL: 200

CENTRE NUMBER: 

                                                                                                      

EXAMINATION NUMBER:

                                                                                                                                                                        

ANSWER SHEET 1.12 
1.12
 FIGURE 1.12

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

MARK 

CANDIDATE'S  MARK

One-brick wall 

2

 

Half-brick wall (T-junction) 

1

 

Three-quarter bricks 

2

 

TOTAL 

5

 

CENTRE NUMBER: 

                                                                                                      

EXAMINATION NUMBER:

                                                                                                                                                                        

ANSWER SHEET 3.6 
3.6
FIGURE 3.6 

ASSESSMENT  CRITERIA

MARK 

CANDIDATE'S  MARK

2-way light switch 

2

 

Socket outlet 

2

 

Light 

2

 

Electrical wiring 

2

 

TOTAL 

8

 

CENTRE NUMBER: 

                                                                                                      

EXAMINATION NUMBER:

                                                                                                                                                                        

ANSWER SHEET 3.7   
3.7
FIGURE 3.7 

ASSESSMENT  CRITERIA

MARK 

CANDIDATE'S  MARK

Rodding eye 

1

 

Gully 

1

 

Ventilation pipe 

1

 

Main sewerage pipes 

2

 

Inspection eyes 

4

 

Manhole 

1

 

Any TWO abbreviations for the sanitary fixtures 

2

 

TOTAL 

12

 



SDFS

CENTRE NUMBER: 

                                                                                                      

EXAMINATION NUMBER:

                                                                                                                                                                        

ANSWER SHEET 4.6  
Complete your answers in the spaces indicated with _____________.

 

D

     

Inside measurement of room:

     

Long walls = mm – _____ mm

     

= mm 

     

Short walls = mm – _____ mm 

     

= _____ mm 

     

(4)

1/ 

______ 

 

Inside floor area of room:

 

______ 

_____ m²

(2)

       
     

Area of one ceiling board:

1/ 

   

One board is 3 900 mm x 900 mm.

 

_______ 

_____ m²

(3)

       
     

Length of skirtings:

     

=

     

=

     

=

       
     

(4)

     

(13)

CENTRE NUMBER: 

                                                                                                      

EXAMINATION NUMBER:

                                                                                                                                                                        

ANSWER SHEET 5.2 
5.2.1  
5.2.1 AS
A(8)
5.2.2 

MEMBER 

NATURE 

MAGNITUDE

FG

   

BF

   

Tolerance of 1 N to either side  (4)

CENTRE NUMBER: 

                                                                                                      

EXAMINATION NUMBER:

                                                                                                                                                                        

ANSWER SHEET 5.3 
5.3 AS

CENTRE NUMBER: 

                                                                                                      

EXAMINATION NUMBER:

                                                                                                                                                                        

ANSWER SHEET 6.1

NO. 

QUESTIONS 

ANSWERS 

MARKS

1

Name the scale used for the west  elevation. 

 

1

Identify number 1. 

 

1

Identify number 2. 

 

1

Identify number 3. 

 

1

Identify number 4. 

 

1

Identify number 5. 

 

1

Identify number 6. 

 

1

Identify number 7. 

 

1

9

Name the material that can be used  for the soffit board at a closed eave.

 

1

10 

Recommend a suitable exterior finish  for the wall. 

 

1

11 

On which elevations will the gutters of this house be placed? 

 

2

12

Draw the roof lines for the roof of the  building shown in FIGURE 6.1 in the  column alongside.

 12 RECTANGLE

3

   

TOTAL 

15

CENTRE NUMBER: 

                                                                                                      

EXAMINATION NUMBER:

                                                                                                                                                                        

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA 

MARKS 

LM

Correctness of drawing 

3

 

External wall 

1

 

Symbol for wall 

1

 

Plaster 

2

 

Wall plate 

1

 

Tie beam 

1

 

Rafters 

2

 

King post 

1

 

Branders (Brandering) 

1

 

Ceiling board 

1

 

Cornice 

1

 

Fascia board 

1

 

Print title and scale 

2

 

Any FOUR labels 

4

 

Application of scale: 

  • One or two incorrect = 3
  • Three or four incorrect= 2
  • More than five incorrect = 1
  • No measurement correct = 0 

3

 

TOTAL 

25

 

 ANSWER SHEET 6.2 
LA

FORMULA SHEET 

IMPORTANT ABBREVIATIONS

SYMBOL  DESCRIPTION  SYMBOL  DESCRIPTION   SYMBOL DESCRIPTION 
 c Centroid   b Breadth/Width   r Radius 
 ℓ Length   s Side   A Area 


FORMULAE

AREA OF   FORMULA
(in words)  
FORMULA
(in symbols)  
FORMULA FOR THE POSITION OF CENTROIDS  
 X-axis  Y-axis
Square   side x side  s x s
2

2
Rectangle   length x breadth  ℓ x b  ℓ 
2

2
Right-angled triangle   ½ x base x height  ½b x h
3

3
Equilateral triangle/ Isosceles triangle ½ x base x height ½b x h
2

3

Position of centroid = (A1 x d) ± (A2 x d)
                                        Total area
OR
Y = ΣAy 
       ΣA
OR
X = ΣAx 
        ΣA

Last modified on Thursday, 05 August 2021 13:07