CIVIL TECHNOLOGY
GRADE 12 
NSC PAST PAPERS AND MEMOS
FEBRUARY/MARCH 2018

MEMORANDUM 

QUESTION 1: CONSTRUCTION, SAFETY AND MATERIAL 
1.1
1.1.1 B ✔ (1) 
1.1.2 E ✔ (1) 
1.1.3 A ✔ (1) 
1.1.4 D ✔ (1) 
1.1.5 F ✔ (1) 
1.1.6 C ✔ (1) 
1.1.7 H ✔ (1) 
1.1.8 I ✔ (1) 
1.1.9 G ✔ (1) 
1.1.10 J ✔ (1) 

1.2
1.2.1 A – To protect your feet against falling objects. ✔ (1) 
1.2.2 B – To protect your feet when working with wet material. ✔ (1) 

1.3 The paint conceals defects ✔ (1) 
1.4

• Excavations must be fenced off. ✔
• Red warning lights should be placed at intervals to warn the public. ✔
• All excavations must take place under supervision. 
• The contractor must test the stability of the terrain before  commencement of excavations.
• Shoring should be cross braced.
• Bracing should be strong enough to support the shoring.
• No tools or materials other than those in use are allowed inside the  trench when excavations are in progress.
• Access to the excavation should be safe e.g. ladders can be used.
• A responsible person must inspect and investigate underground  electricity and water supply.
• The sides should be braced and protected if deeper than 1,5 meters.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER (2) 

1.5

• Baseplate ✔
• Mould/Cube ✔
• Tamping rod ✔
• Plaster trowel/straight edge/shovel
  ANY THREE OF THE ABOVE (3)

1.6

• Water makes the fresh concrete workable. ✔ 
• Water acts as a lubricant.
• Water is also needed for the hydration process.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1) 

1.7
1.7.1To prevent moisture from getting into the building. ✔ (1) 
1.7.1 To prevent moisture from moving up in the walls. ✔ (1) 
1.8

• Preservatives with a base of water-soluble salts. ✔
• Varnish
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

1.9 Roof tiles/Clay tiles/Concrete tiles ✔ (1)
1.10 Ridge capping ✔ (1)
1.11 Gang nails/plate connectors ✔ (1) 
1.12 (5) 

[30]
QUESTION 2: ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND EQUIPMENT 
ANSWER THIS QUESTION ON A NEW PAGE.
2.1
2.1.1 C ✔ (1)
2.1.2 D ✔ (1)
2.1.3 A ✔ (1)
2.1.4 B ✔ (1)
2.1.5 A ✔ (1) 
2.2
2.2.1 Portable electric generator ✔ – It is used to generate electricity ✔ (2) 
2.2.2 Portable electric circular saw ✔ – It is used for cross cutting and  ripping of timber. ✔ (2) 
2.3 Chalk line ✔ (1) 
2.4

• Flat steel square ✔
• Tape measure
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1) 

2.5

• Rough arch will be built with common bricks ✔
• Gauge arch will be built with face bricks ✔ (2)

2.6
2.6.1 Driven in-situ pile ✔ (1) 
2.6.2

• Low bearing capacity of soil ✔
• Subsoil – subjected to movement ✔
• Subsoil – subjected to high moisture content.
• Recently placed filling materials that is not sufficiently  compacted
• Unstable soil structure
• High water table
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

2.6.3 Steel reinforcement ✔ (1)
2.7
2.7.1 Twisted square bar ✔ (1)
2.7.2 Round bar (mild steel) ✔ (1) 
2.8 

1. – Landing ✔
2. – Rise ✔ 
3. – Tread ✔ (3) 

2.9

• Blow holes ✔
• Uneven colour/discoloration ✔
• Honey comb effect/Leaking of grout 
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

2.10
2.10.1 Cavity wall ✔ (1) 
2.10.2

• A – Wall tie ✔
• Keeps the two skins of the wall securely together. ✔
• It strengthens the wall
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2) 

2.10.3

• B – Weak concrete mixture ✔ 
• Concrete mixture
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1) 

2.10.4

• To strengthen the wall below the DPC (damp proof course) ✔
• To close the cavity below the damp proof course
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

2.10.5 C – Damp-proof membrane ✔ (1)
2.10.6 50 mm ✔ (Unit must be part of the answer) (1)
2.11
2.11.1 

1. – Cladding (or any cladding material) ✔ 
2. –
   • Timber floor board ✔
   • Base plate
   • Base board
     ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE FOR B (2) 

2.11.2

• Steel ✔
• Metal
• Aluminium
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1) 

2.11.3

• There is no wet material ✔
• There is no heavy material to carry ✔
• Dry walls are light in weight.
• Dry walls are easier to install 
• Dry walls are easy to remove if required
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

2.12
2.12.1 Rib and Block floor ✔ (1) 
2.12.2 

1. – Rib ✔ 
2. – Hollow block/Block ✔ 
3. – Reinforcing steel/Steel rod/Reinforcement ✔ (3) [40]

QUESTION 3: CIVIL SERVICES 
3.1
3.1.1 P-trap ✔ (1) 
3.1.2 Washbasin/Urinal/Shower/Sink ✔ (1) ANY ONE 
3.2
3.2.1

1. -Is the inlet pipe for cold water ✔
2. -Is the outlet pipe for warm water ✔ (2) 

3.2.2 To shut down water supply during maintenance. ✔ 
ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER (1) 
3.2.3

• To prevent water from leaking through the ceiling ✔
• It is compulsory to install a drip tray 
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1) 

3.3
3.3.1 Storm water is hail, snow, rain that falls to the earth in large  quantities. ✔ 
ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER (1) 
3.3.2 Storm water is guided into the channels where after the water is  guided to storm water pipes and catchment areas. ✔ 
ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER (1) 
3.4 Water in shallow wells is:  

• Easily dug out ✔
• Cheap 
• Relatively reliable 
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

3.5 Wind pump ✔ (1)
3.6 (8) 

3.7 ANSWER SHEET 3.7 
(12)

 [30] 

QUESTION 4: QUANTITIES, MATERIALS AND JOINING 
4.1
4.1.1

• Gang nail ✔ (1)
  USE:
• Gang nails are used to join the members of roof trusses. ✔
• Extend the length of a timber board/beam. 
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE USES (1) 

4.1.2

• Bolt and nut ✔ (1)
  USE:
• Bolts and nuts are used to join the members of roof trusses. ✔ 
• Join material to brackets 
• To fix truss hangers to rafters
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE USES (1) 

4.1.3

• Dry wall screw ✔ (1)
  USE:
• Drywall screws are used to fix dry wall materials. ✔
• Joining ceilings and battens to other members 
• Joining timber to each other (1)
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE USES 

4.2

• Rawl bolt/Expansion anchor ✔ 
• Sleeve anchor 
• Dina bolt
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1) 

4.3

• Compression joint ✔
• Capillary joint
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1) 

4.4

• Screws have greater holding power than nails ✔
• They can be fixed where vibration has to be avoided ✔
• Screws can easily be removed 
• The appearance of screws is better in finishing than nails
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

4.5
4.5.1 38 or 38 mm ✔ (1)
4.5.2 2 349 or 2 349 mm ✔ (1)
4.5.3 5 √ (1)
4.5.4 2 575 or 2 575 mm ✔ (1)
4.5.5 5 150 or 5 150 mm ✔ (1)
4.5.6 4 500 or 4 500 mm ✔ (1)
4.5.7 10 300 or 10 300 mm ✔ (1)
4.6 

[30]
QUESTION 5: APPLIED MECHANICS 
5.1
5.1.1

• (A1 x d) + (A2 x d) 
   Total area
  = (3 200 x 20) + (900 x 60) 
                     4 100 ✔
  = 64 000 mm³ + 54 000 mm³ 
                    4 100
  = 118 000 mm³ ✔ 
       4 100 mm² 
  = 28,78 ✔ mm ✔ 

OR 

• Y  = ∑ Ay 
         ∑ A
  = 118 000 mm³ ✔ 
      4 100 mm² 
  = 28,78 ✔ mm ✔ (10)

5.2.1 

(8) 

Tolerance of 1 N to either side   (4)
NOT TO SCALE DUE TO ELECTRONIC TRANSFER USE A MASK TO MARK THIS QUESTION 
5.3
5.3.1 40 Nm ✔ (1)
5.3.2 7 m ✔ (1)
5.3.3 3 m ✔ (1)
5.3.4 
(5) 
SCALE 1 mm = 2 Nm 
NOT TO SCALE DUE TO ELECTRONIC TRANSFER 
USE A MASK TO MARK THIS QUESTION 

• If the bending moment diagram is not to scale, deduct 1 mark.
• Marks are allocated for each line between A to F.
• If the lines between B and D are straight lines no marks will be awarded for  these lines. [30] 

ANSWER SHEET 6.1

NO.	QUESTIONS	ANSWERS	MARKS
1	Name the scale used for the West  elevation.	1:100 ✔	1
2	Identify number 1.	Barge board ✔	1
3	Identify number 2.	Window/window pane/glass  casement ✔	1
4	Identify number 3.	Door/door opening ✔	1
5	Identify number 4.	FFL/Finished floor level ✔	1
6	Identify number 5.	Step ✔	1
7	Identify number 6.	NGL/Natural ground level ✔	1
8	Identify number 7.	Window sill ✔	1
9	Name the material that can be  used for the soffit board at a closed  eave?	Fibre cement ✔	1
10	Recommend a suitable exterior  finish for the wall.	Paint/plaster/face brick/  cladding ✔	1
11	Deduce on which elevations will the  gutters be placed in this house?	North elevation ✔ and South  elevation✔	2
12	Draw the roof lines for the roof of  the building shown in FIGURE 6.1 in the column alongside.		3
		TOTAL	15

QUESTION 6: GRAPHICS AND COMMUNICATION
ANSWER SHEET 6.2 

[40]
200