INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION
SECTION A: SOURCE-BASED QUESTIONS
Answer at least ONE question, but not more than TWO questions, in this section.
Source material that is required to answer these questions is contained in the ADDENDUM.
QUESTION 1: HOW DID RUSSIAN EXPANSIONISM IN GREECE AND TURKEY CONTRIBUTE TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE IN 1947?
Study Sources 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D and answer the questions that follow.
1.1 Refer to Source 1A.
1.1.1 What, according to the source, was the objective of the British troops in Greece? (1 x 1) (1)
1.1.2 Name THREE countries that supported the communist-led National Liberation. (3 x 1) (3)
1.1.3 Explain why you think Russia wanted to expand communism in Eastern Europe. (1 x 2) (2)
1.1.4 Quote TWO reasons from the source, as to why Britain was unable to continue their support to both Greece and Turkey after the Second World War. (2 x 1 (2)
1.1.5 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge, explain why it was important for the USA to contain communism in Greece and Turkey? (2 x 2) (4)
1.2 Read Source 1B.
1.2.1 How, according to the source, did Ambassador MacVeagh describe the situation in Greece? (1 x 1) (1)
1.2.2 What did Ambassador MacVeagh imply with the statement ‘which will bring the country (Greece) into the satellite orbit of the Russian Empire’? (1 x 2) (2)
1.2.3 How does Ambassador Wilson’s speech, support Ambassador MacVeagh’s plea to the USA Foreign Relations Committee Senate? (1 x 2) (2)
1.2.4 Explain the limitations of this source to historians researching the post-war political situation in both Greece and Turkey. (2 x 2) (4)
1.3 Study Source 1C.
1.3.1 Name any THREE countries that became communist between 1945 and 1948. (3 x 1) (3)
1.3.2 List any TWO countries that were annexed by the USSR after 1945. (2 x 1) (2)
1.3.3 Define the concept Iron Curtain in the context of the Cold War. (1 x 2) (2)
1.4 Consult Source 1D.
1.4.1 Name TWO aspects of communist expansion that the USA frequently protested against during the Russian takeover of Poland, Rumania and Bulgaria. (2 x 1) (2)
1.4.2 What did Truman mean with the statement, ‘The United States had to support free people who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures’? (2 x 2) (4)
1.4.3 Why do you think the USA was the only country that was able to stop communist expansion in Greece and Turkey? (1 x 2) (2)
1.4.4 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge, explain the significance of the Truman doctrine on Greece and Turkey in the context of the Cold War. (1 x 2) (2)
1.5 Refer to Sources 1B and 1C. Explain how the information in Source 1B support the evidence in Source 1C regarding Russia’s expansion policy in Europe after the Second World War. (2 x 2) (4)
1.6 Using the information from the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about EIGHT lines (about 80 words) explaining how Soviet expansionism in Greece and Turkey contributed to the implementation of the Truman Doctrine in 1947. (8)
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QUESTION 2: WHY WAS THE MPLA ABLE TO ASSUME POWER IN ANGOLA IN NOVEMBER 1975?
Study Sources 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D and answer the following questions.
2.1 Refer to Source 2A.
2.1.1 List TWO effects that the coup in Portugal had on the process of decolonisation in Angola. (2 x 1) (2)
2.1.2 Define the concept ‘decolonisation’ in the context of the Angolan Civil War of 1975. (1 x 2) (2)
2.1.3 Which liberation movement, according to the source, did the Portugal government favour to take over Angola? (1 x 2) (2)
2.1.4 Use the information in the source and your own knowledge to explain why the Alvor Accord of 1975 failed. (2 x 2) (4)
2.1.5 Explain why you think foreign powers became involved in the Angolan Civil War of 1975. (1 x 2) (2)
2.2 Read Source 2B.
2.2.1 Quote ONE reason from the source why South Africa decided to invade Angola. (1 x 2) (2)
2.2.2 How, according to the source, did the MPLA respond to the South African invasion? (1 x 2) (2)
2.2.3 Comment on the impact of Operation Carlotta on the MPLA. (2 x 2) (4)
2.2.4 What is implied by the statement, ‘The Battle of Ebo on 23 November was a ‘turning point’ in the war for Angola’? (1 x 2) (2)
2.2.5 Explain the usefulness of this source to historians researching the Angolan Civil War of 1975. (2 x 2) (4)
2.3 Consult Source 2C.
2.3.1 Explain the message the photographer wishes to convey about the military power of the MPLA. (1 x 2) (2)
2.3.2 What do you think was the impact of these weapons on the outcome of the Civil War in Angola for the MPLA? (1 x 2) (2)
2.4 Refer to Source 2B and 2C. Explain how the information in Source 2B support the evidence in Source 2C regarding foreign involvement in the Angolan Civil War of 1975. (2 x 2) (4)
2.5
2.5.1 List FOUR reasons why Hultslander felt that the MPLA was the best qualified movement to govern Angola. (4 x 1) (4)
2.5.2 Define the concept Marxism in your own words. (1 x 2) (2)
2.5.3 What conclusion can be drawn from the statement, ‘The MPLA welcomed many different tribes’ in the context of the Angolan Civil War of 1975? (1 x 2) (2)
2.6 Using the information from the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about EIGHT lines (about 80 words) explaining why the MPLA was able to assume power in Angola in November 1975. (8)
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QUESTION 3: HOW DID THE FREEDOM RIDES DESEGREGATE INTERSTATE BUS TRAVELS IN THE USA IN THE 1960s?
Study Sources 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D and answer the following questions.
3.1 Refer to Source 3A.
3.1.1 List the names of the two men who decided to resurrect the Freedom Rides in 1961. (2 x 1) (2)
3.1.2 Quote TWO reasons from the source why the earlier protest-on- wheels failed. (2 x 1) (2)
3.1.3 Define the concept segregation in your own words. (1 x 2) (2)
3.1.4 Use the information in the source and your own knowledge to explain how the Freedom Rides would violate the racial laws relating to interstate bus travelling in the USA. (2 x 2) (4)
3.1.5 What is implied by the statement, ‘We were told that the racists, the segregationists, would go to any extent to hold the line on segregation in interstate travel’? (2 x 2) (4)
3.2 Use Source 3B.
3.2.1 What evidence in the source suggest that the Ku Klux Klan knew about the Freedom Rides? (2 x 1) (2)
3.2.2 Quote TWO derogatory words from the source that are used to refer to: (a) The black Freedom Riders (b) White Freedom Riders (2 x 1) (2)
3.2.3 Comment on the attitude of the FBI and the Birmingham Police towards the Freedom Rides. (2 x 2) (4)
3.2.4 Explain the usefulness of this source for historians researching race relations in the USA in the 1960s. (2 x 2) (4)
3.3 Consult Source 3C.
3.3.1 What message does the photograph convey regarding racial integration on interstate travel in the USA in the 1960s? Use visual clues in the source to support your answers. (2 x 2) (4)
3.3.2 Explain how this photograph might have affected the USA’s public image around the world. (1 x 2) (2)
3.4 Study Sources 3B and 3C. Explain how the evidence in Source 3C support the information in Source 3B regarding the treatment of the Freedom Riders in Alabama in 1961. (2 x 2) (4)
3.5 Read Source 3D.
3.5.1 How, according to the source, did the US President respond to the crisis of the Freedom Rides in Montgomery, Alabama? (1 x 2) (2)
3.5.2 What conclusion can be drawn from the statement, ‘The Freedom Riders were overjoyed to find the Mississippi National Guardsmen lining the highway with their guns pointed toward the forest on both sides of the road.”? (1 x 2) (2)
3.5.3 Select ONE piece of evidence from the source that proves that the Freedom Rides desegregated public transport in the USA in the 1960s. (1 x 2) (2)
3.6 Using the information from the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about eight lines (about 80 words) explaining how the Freedom Rides desegregated interstate bus travels in the USA in the 1960s. (8)
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SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS
Answer at least ONE question, but not more than TWO questions, in this section.
Your essay should be about THREE pages long.
QUESTION 4: EXTENSION OF THE COLD WAR: CASE STUDY – VIETNAM
The fall of Saigon in April 1975 confirmed the failure of the American policy of containment in Vietnam.
Critically discuss this statement by referring to the tactics that the USA used to contain communism in the Vietnam War.
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QUESTION 5: INDEPENDENT AFRICA: CHALLENGES FACED BY THE CONGO AFTER INDEPENDENCE
Explain to what extent was Josef Mobuto able to overcome the Congo’s political and economic challenges after attaining independence from Belgium in 1961.
Use relevant examples to support your answer.
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QUESTION 6: CIVIL SOCIETY PROTESTS FROM THE 1950s TO THE 1970s: THE BLACK POWER MOVEMENT
The Black Power Movement’s emphasis on Black racial pride and self-determination, challenged segregation and discrimination in the USA successfully in the 1960s.
Do you agree with the statement? Support your answers with relevant historical evidence.
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TOTAL: 150