HISTORY P2
GRADE 12
JUNE 2016
NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE
INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION
SECTION A: SOURCE-BASED QUESTIONS
Answer ONE question from this section. Source material to be used to answer these questions are in the ADDENDUM.
QUESTION 1: HOW DID STEVE BIKO AND THE PHILOSOPHY OF BLACK CONSCIOUSNESS INFLUENCE THE STUDENT UPRISING OF 1976?
Use Sources 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D to answer the following questions.
1.1 Refer to Source 1A.
1.1.1 According to Biko, identify any THREE reasons why it was necessary for ‘the black man’ to change? (3 x 1) (3)
1.1.2 List any THREE ideas that Biko considered as the first step which must be taken in order for black people to regain their ‘personality’. (3 x 1) (3)
1.1.3 What do you understand by the concept ‘Black Consciousness’? (1 x 2) (2)
1.1.4 In your own words, explain why Biko believed that black solidarity was so important in the struggle against oppression. (2 x 2) (4)
1.2 Use Source 1B.
1.2.1 Why did the African Student Movement (ASM) change its name to the South African Student Movement (SASM)? (1 x 2) (2)
1.2.2 Explain the strategies used by SASM leadership to build support among school students during the mid-1970s. (2 x 2) (4)
1.2.3 What evidence is there to support the claim that school students in Soweto were already ‘highly politicised and militant’ by the end of 1974? (1 x 2) (2)
1.2.4 Evaluate the usefulness of Source 1B for a historian researching the influence of the philosophy of Black Consciousness on the student uprising of 1976. (2 x 2) (4)
1.3 Consult Source 1C.
1.3.1 List any TWO pieces of evidence which support the claim that there was a ‘new militancy’ amongst school students in the mid-1970s.(2 x 1) (2)
1.3.2 Why do you think that the 1976 uprising continued even when the Minister agreed to drop the requirement that African learners be taught in Afrikaans? Support your answer with evidence from the source. (2 x 2) (4)
1.3.3 Use the evidence in the source and your own knowledge to explain why students in the ‘coloured townships’ in Cape Town joined the uprising of 1976. (2 x 2 ) (4)
1.4 Refer to Source 1D.
1.4.1 Why do you think this photograph was titled ‘The young lions of Soweto’? Use visual clues to support your answer. (2 x 2) (4)
1.4.2 Discuss the limitations of this photograph, as a piece of historical evidence, for a historian researching the student uprising of 1976. (2 x 2) (4)
1.5 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about EIGHT lines (about 80 words) in which you explain how the philosophy of Black Consciousness influenced the student uprising of 1976. (8)
[50]
QUESTION 2: WHAT WERE THE CHALLENGES FACING THE TRC?
Study Sources 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D to answer the following questions.
2.1 Study Source 2A.
2.1.1 Explain the following concepts:
2.1.2 List the aims of the TRC as contained in the source. (3 x 1) (3)
2.1.3 Why were the public hearings important for the reconciliation process? (1 x 2) (2)
2.1.4 With relevance to the statement:’ The TRC’s objective was not to prosecute people”, what kind of justice was the TRC advocating (in favour of)? (1 x 2) (2)
2.1.5 Use the source and your own knowledge to explain the preconditions for the granting of amnesty. (2 x 2) (4)
2.2 Refer to Source 2B.
2.2.1 Explain what Krog, regarded as significant about the process of the TRC. (Perspective 1) (2 x 2) (4)
2.2.2 What according to Tutu’s view was the main aim of the TRC? (Perspective 2) (1 x 2) (2)
2.3 Consult Source 2C.
2.3.1 What message is the cartoonist trying to convey with regards to the NP submission before the TRC? (1 x 2) (2)
2.3.2 Use the source and your own knowledge to explain how De Klerk viewed the work of the TRC. (2 x 2) (4)
2.3.3 Why, do you think, many NP ministers did not apply for amnesty? (2 x 2) (4)
2.3.4 Why is this source not reliable to historians researching the attitude of the NP towards the work of the TRC? (2 x 2) (4)
2.4 Read Source 2D.
2.4.1 With reference to opinion 1, explain whether or not you believe that the principle of reconciliation was achieved by the TRC. (2 x 2) (4)
2.4.2 How does opinion 2 differ from opinion 1 with regards to the reconciliation process? (1 x 2) (2)
2.4.3 According to opinion 3, what was revealed during the TRC process? (1 x 1) (1)
2.5 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about EIGHT lines (80 words) in which you assess the successes and the failures of the TRC. (8)
[50]
SECTION B
Answer ONE question from this section.
QUESTION 3: CIVIL RESISTANCE, 1970s TO 1980s: SOUTH AFRICA: THE CRISIS OF APARTHEID IN THE 1980s
“PW Botha’s political reforms were met with increased internal resistance during the 1980s.” Do you agree with this statement? Substantiate your answer with relevant historical evidence. [50]
QUESTION 4: THE COMING OF DEMOCRACY TO SOUTH AFRICA AND COMING TO TERMS WITH THE PAST: NEGOTIATED SETTLEMENT AND THE GNU
“The coming of democracy to South Africa was a STOP-START journey because of the conflict along the way.” Critically assess this statement with reference to the process of negotiation in South Africa between 1990 and 1994. [50]
TOTAL: 100