CIVIL TECHNOLOGY
GRADE 12
NOVEMBER 2017
MEMORANDUM
NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE

QUESTION 1: CONSTRUCTION, SAFETY AND MATERIALS
1.1

• Never use unsafe supports such as step ladders, drums, loose bricks, or crates on the scaffolding. √
• The worker should have worn a safety harness/safety rope/. √
• The worker should ensure that there are sufficient guard rails on the scaffolding.
• Always wear protective clothing when working on scaffolding/non slip safety footwear.
• The worker should ensure that the area is free of liquids and obstacles.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

1.2

• To prevent electric shock. √
• To keep the power tools in a working condition.
• To ensure the safety of the user.
• Live exposed wires can cause electrocution or fire.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

1.3

• The worker can be injured by the moving blade. √
• Measuring tools/tools may be damaged when touching the moving blade.
• Moving parts of the machine can be damaged
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

1.4

• Tamping rod/rod √
• Cone/frustum/mould √
• Base plate/waterproof base √
• Folding ruler, tape measure, steel ruler/level/straight edge
• Shovel
  ANY THREE OF THE ABOVE (3)

1.5

• Concrete mixer/machine mixed √
• Ready mixed concrete
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

1.6
1.6.1 B √ (1)
1.6.2 C √ (1)
1.6.3 D √ (1)
1.6.4 F/M √ (1)
1.6.5 G √ (1)
1.6.6 J √ (1)
1.6.7 L √ (1)
1.6.8 I √ (1)
1.6.9 H √ (1)
1.6.10 A √ (1)
1.7 
1.7.1 (4)
1.7.2 PLAN COURSE OF A QUOIN IN ENGLISH BOND/ CORNER BUILT IN ENGLISH BOND √

(1)
1.7.3

• The queen closer creates the bond in the wall/quarter lap. √
• The queen closer closes the gap in the wall in the header course.
• The queen closer prevents a straight vertical mortar joint.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

1.8

1.9
1.9.1

• A brush/sponge can be used to apply paint to a ceiling. √
• A roller can be used to apply paint to a ceiling.
• A spray gun/spray-painting equipment can be used to apply paint to a ceiling.
• A sponge can be used to apply paint to a ceiling.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

1.9.2

• Painting it with a brush will avoid fine paint spray on the walls and the floors. √
• Using a roller will be quicker than using a brush/prevent stripes.
• Spray painting will be quicker that painting with a brush and a roller.
  A sponge can be used for the decorative application of paint.
• ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER (1)

1.10
1.10.1 Skirting/tile skirting √ (1)
1.10.2 Cornice √
ANY SUITABLE MATERIAL INDICATED FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF THE ABOVE COMPONENTS WILL BE ACCEPTED. (1)
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QUESTION 2: ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND EQUIPMENT
2.1
2.1.1 D √ (1)
2.1.2 B √ (1)
2.1.3 B √ (1)
2.1.4 D √ (1)
2.1.5 C √ (1)
2.2
2.2.1 Dumpy level/surveying instrument/levelling instrument √ (1)
2.2.2

• To measure vertical and horizontal heights/levels √
• To measure vertical and horizontal angles
• To measure distances
• It is used for surveying/setting out of buildings.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

2.2.3 Tripod/baseplate √ (1)
2.2.4 Telescopic staff/levelling rod √ (1)
2.2.5

• To prevent it from getting damaged and wet. √
• To protect the instrument against dust/moisture/bumps/sun
• It is fragile.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

2.3
2.3.1 Rib and block concrete √ (1)
2.3.2

1. – Concrete floor slab/concrete/slab. √
2. – Concrete hollow block/rib block/block √
3. – Reinforced steel mesh/reinforcement bars/bars √ (3)

2.3.3

• The rib and block method can be used anywhere, even in water. √
• Components are precast, thus it saves a lot of building time.
• Placing is relatively quick.
• Provides excellent resistance against soil movement.
• Work can proceed, despite the weather conditions.
• Plastering the underside of the floor can take place without any delays.
• No extensive formwork or shuttering is necessary.
• It is approximately 30% lighter than in situ floor slabs.
• No skilled labour is required as the supply company also does the installation.
• It is cheaper.
• Less quantity of material is used.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

2.4
2.4.1

1. - Wall tie √
2. - Damp proof course/DPC √ (2)

2.4.2

• Under the window sill √
• Under floor slab/Between the sub- and super structure
• At the base of external and internal walls
• Vertically at jambs or door frames
• Roof/parapet wall
• Above the lintel of a cavity wall
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

2.4.3 The cavity in the walls are to:

• prevent rain water from penetrating the inner skin of the wall. √
• provide high insulation against heat, cold and sound.
• enable the use of cheaper or alternative materials for inner skin of the wall.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

2.5 Intrados – Is the inner surface of arches √
Extrados – Is the outer surface of arches √ (2)
2.6
2.6.1 Cube/Cube mould/Mould √
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)
2.6.2 Tamping rod/Rod/Trowel/Shovel √
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)
2.6.3 Cube test √ (1)
2.6.4

• The test is done to determine the compressive strength/crushing strength of concrete. √
• Test the strength of concrete.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

2.7
(2)

2.8
2.8.1 Twisted ribbed bar √
2.8.2 Ribbed bar √ (2)
2.9
2.9.1

• Wooden planks/timber √
• Block board
• Laminated board
• Shutter board
• Plywood boards
• Metal shutter
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

2.9.2
B – Wedges √
C –Yoke √
D – Clamp/Cleat √
E – Threaded rod/bolt and nut/bolt √ (4)
2.9.3

• The yokes will not be tightened/Yokes will not be able to be joined. √
• The formwork will not be kept in place/collapse.
• The formwork will not be square.
• The yokes will not be in place.
• The formwork will not be rigid.
• Concrete will escape from the corners of the formwork.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

2.10

• There is insufficient soundproofing √
• There is less insulation against cold and heat
• It cannot be use externally
• The dry wall can easily be damaged/burnt
• The dry wall cannot carry heavy loads
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

2.11
(3)

2.12

• Preformed concrete piles √
• Steel tube caisson piles
• Driven in-situ piles
• Short bored piles
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)
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QUESTION 3: CIVIL SERVICES
3.1
3.1.1 S – trap √ (1)
3.1.2 To prevent sewer-gas (foul air) from the sewerage system to enter the building. √ (1)
3.2

• The season/Cloud cover/weather conditions √
• Time of day √
• Duration of sunshine
• Cleanliness of glass panel
• Shadows over glass panels
• The intensity of direct sunlight
• The position/orientation of the panel to north
• Pitch of the panel
• The type of solar heater/panel
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

3.3
3.3.1 Heating element/Element √ (1)
3.3.2

• The cold water inlet is placed at the bottom of the geyser so that the incoming cold water does not mix with the hot water/incoming cold water heated by the element. √
• The hot water outlet is placed at the top to discharge hot water which is concentrated at the top of the geyser. √
  OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER (2)

3.3.3 Temperature and pressure safety valve/Safety valve/Pressure valve √ (1)
3.4
3.4.1

• The grid receives/drains storm water/allow storm water to enter storm water system/pipe. √
• Water is guided to flow off our roads on to the road kerbs and then into the road channel into the storm water pipes.
• Prevent waste like paper and plastic bags to block the storm water pipes.
• For safety purposes
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER (1)

3.4.2

• Roads will overflow with storm water. √
• Damage to the roads may be possible because of the storm water.
• Storm water will not be able to enter the grid.
• Storm water will flood surrounding areas
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER (1)

3.5

• Wind pump √
• Submersible water pump √
• Water pump
• Manual hand pump/hand pump
• Electric pump
• Solar powered pump
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

3.6 
(8)

DRAWING SYMBOLS IN TEXTBOOKS FOR ABOVE ITEMS WILL ALSO BE ACCEPTED
3.7
(10)

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QUESTION 4 QUANTITIES AND CALCULATIONS AND JOINING
4.1
4.1.1 Chipboard/drywall/counter sunk head screw/pozi drive screw √
Use:
Joining fabricated boards/machine made boards/board products/timber √ (2)
4.1.2 Steel cut nail/masonry nail √
Use:
Mainly used to fix skirting and cleats to brickwork √
OR
Oval nail
Use:
Used at edge of timber to prevent the timber from splitting
OR
Floor nail
Use:
Used to secure floor planks (2)
4.1.3 Sleeve anchor/Rawlbolt √
Use:
Fixing objects into concrete and brickwork/to join truss hangers against a wall √ (2)
4.2 Wire nails/clamp/hurricane clamps √ (1)
4.3 Nails:

• Quicker to drive in than screws √
• Available in a variety of lengths, thicknesses and strengths √
• Various heads for invisible or decorative use
• Cheaper than screws
• Can be made of rust proof material (copper or stainless steel)
• Can be quickly removed
• Tough and resilient
• Can be straightened and reused
• Nails requires a less skilful worker
• Not as time consuming as when inserting screws.
• Application of nails is much faster than screws.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

4.4Copper pipe/polycop pipes/PVC pipes/Composite pipes √ (1)
4.5
4.5.1 38/38 mm √ (1)
4.5.2 3 √ (1)
4.5.3 3 374/3 374 mm √ (1)
4.5.4 3 600/3 600 mm √ (1)
4.5.5 9 600/9 600 mm √ (1)
4.5.6 3 600/3 600 mm √ (1)
4.5.7 17 250/17 250 mm √ (1)
4.6

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IF A CANDIDATE DID NOT USE THE ANSWER SHEET TWO MARKS MUST BE DEDUCTED FROM THE TOTAL
IF A CANDIDATE DID NOT CONVERT TO METRES THE CANDIDATE SHOULD NOT BE PENALISED BUT THE FINAL ANSWER MUST BE IN SQUARE METRES/METRES
IF THE CANDIDATE WROTE THE MEASUREMENTS IN THE WRONG COLUMN ONE MARK MUST BE DEDUCTED FROM THE TOTAL

QUESTION 5: APPLIED MECHANICS
5.1
5.1.1 (A1 x d) + (A2 x d)
              Total area
                             √ √ √ √
= (3 600 mm² x 30 mm) + (675 mm² x 25 mm)
                            4 275 mm² √
                    √ √
= 108 000 mm³ + 16 875 mm³
               4 275 mm²
= 124 875 √ mm³
     4 275 mm²
= 29,21 √ mm √
OR

X=ΣAx
     ΣA
=  124 875    √ mm³
   4 275 mm³
= 29,21 √ mm √
IF A CANDIDATE SWOP AREA 1 AND 2 AROUND DEDUCT 1 MARK (10)
5.2.1
(8)
5.2.2

(4)
Tolerance of 1 N to either side
NOT TO SCALE DUE TO ELECTRONIC TRANSFER.
USE A MASK TO MARK THIS QUESTION.
IF THE CANDIDATE WROTE THE MEASUREMENTS IN THE WRONG COLUMN ONE MARK MUST BE DEDUCTED FROM THE TOTAL
5.3
5.3.1 20 N/m √ (1)
5.3.2 8 m √ (1)
5.3.3 4 m √ (1)
5.3.4
(5)
If the lines between B and D are straight lines no marks may be awarded for these lines.
NOT TO SCALE DUE TO ELECTRONIC TRANSFER.
USE A MASK TO MARK THIS QUESTION.
BECAUSE DISTANCES BETWEEN AB, BC, ECT. MAY DIFFER ON THE ANSWER SHEETS OF THE PROVINCES.
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ANSWER SHEET 6.1

NO.	QUESTIONS	ANSWERS	MARKS
1	Name the title of the drawing	South Elevation √	1
2	Identify number 1.	Ridge/Ridge capping/Ridging √	1
3	Identify number 2	Tile roof/Tile/Roof tile/Concrete tile/roof covering √	1
4	Identify number 3	Gutter	1
5	Identify number 4	Downpipe √	1
6	Identify number 5	North point/North direction/True North √	1
7	Identify number 6	NGL/Natural ground level/Ground level √	1
8	Identify number 7	Window Sill √	1
9	Name the type of roof on the eastern side of the house.	Gable √	1
10	Name the type of roof on the western side of the house.	Hipped roof √	1
11	Name the material that can be used for the fascia board?	Wood/Timber/Cement fibre/uPVC/Plastic/Galvanised sheet metal √	1
12	On how many sides of the building will you find fascia boards?	3 sides √	1
13	Draw the top view (roofline) of the roof for the elevation indicated in FIGURE 6.1 in the column alongside .		3
		TOTAL	15

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