The simplified diagram of a cell used in the chlor-alkali industry is shown below.
Write down the CHEMICAL FORMULA of brine. (1)
At which electrode, X or Y is chlorine gas formed? (1)
Write down a half-reaction that explains the formation of hydrogen gas at one of the electrodes. (4)
The purity of the sodium hydroxide produced in the chlor-alkali industry depends on the extent to which it is separated from the chlorine gas produced by this cell. Briefly describe how chlorine gas and sodium hydroxide are prevented from mixing in this cell. (2)
Apart from the advantages and disadvantages of products produced, write down for this process: 5.1 ONE positive impact on humans. (1) 5.2 ONE negative impact on humans (1) [10]
Solutions
NaCℓ (aq) (1)
Y (1)
2H2O + 2e– →H2+2OH – (4)
The membrane prevents chloride ions from moving to the cathode, only allows positive ions through. (2)
5.1 Job creation resulting in more people having a better life. (1) 5.2 Uses huge amounts of electricity resulting in load shedding. OR Chemical plant uses a lot of space that could have been used for housing/gardens, etc. (any one) (1)
Last modified on Thursday, 30 September 2021 06:54